3rd Lord of Bramber William De Braose

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• Reference Number: 15932

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William de Braose, Third Lord of Bramber (born 1112 in Brecon) (d. ca. 1192) was the eldest son of Philip de Braose, Second Lord of Bramber.

William was born into a second generation English Norman dynasty holding Lordships and land in Sussex at Bramber, also at Totnes in Devon and Radnor and Builth in the Welsh Marches of Wales. He maintained his Sussex lands and titles, extended St Mary de Haura Church in Shoreham and contributed to a priory at Sele, West Sussex. His mother was Aenor Fitz Judhel of Totnes.
He also inherited one half of the honour of Barnstaple in Devon, paying a fee of 1000 marks for the privilege.

William married Bertha de Pitres, also known as Bertha de Hereford, daughter of Miles of Gloucester, Earl of Hereford. Through this marriage, William acquired lordships of Brecon and Abergavenny in 1166 because Bertha's four brothers all died young without heirs.

These vast land holdings greatly expanded the territorial power and income of the de Braose dynasty. They now held the Middle March with extensive interests in Sussex and Devon.
William's younger brother Phillip accompanied King Henry II to Ireland, receiving in 1172 the honour of Limerick.

In 1174, William became sheriff of Hereford. He died in about 1192 and was succeeded as Lord of Bramber by his son, William. He had also fathered two daughters, Maud and Sibilla, who married well and possibly a later son, named John.

William married Bertha De Pitres 1150. Bertha (daughter of Miles De Gloucester and Sibyl of Neufmarché) was born 1130, England. [Group Sheet]

1. William De Braose was born Abt 1144; died 9 Aug 1211.
2. Bertha De Braose was born 1151.
3. Maud De Braose
4. Sibilla De Braose died Aft 5 Feb 1227.
5. Roger De Braose

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• Reference Number: 15934

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Philip de Braose, 2nd Lord of Bramber was a Norman nobleman whose father, William de Braose (d.1093-1096) had participated in the victory over the English Saxons at the Battle of Hastings in support of William the Conqueror.

William de Braose, 1st Lord of Bramber had been rewarded with a Barony and lands in Sussex and the Welsh Marches of Wales. Philip was born about 1070 to 1073 in Bramber, his mother being Agnes de St. Clare (born 1048 to 1054) (died 1080) of Barnstaple in Devon. Philip's task as heir was to consolidate these lands and expand them wherever possible. In 1096 he confirmed his father's gifts to the Abbey of St. Florent. Through marriage to Aenor, daughter of Juhel of Totnes or Totenais (born 1084) he also acquired land in Totnes, Devon and held this valuable Lordship also.

It was Philip de Braose who conquered the Welsh borderlands at Builth and New Radnor and established new Norman Lordships over them as a Marcher Lord. He seems to have gone on the First Crusade in 1103. He was responsible for the building of St. Nicolas' Church, Old Shoreham in Sussex and founded the port at New Shoreham.

He supported King Henry I of England against Robert Curthose and then in 1110 revolted against King Henry I of England who confiscated his estates as a result.

He regained his Lordships and his lands in 1112 and was thereafter able to retain them, in 1130 passing them intact to his eldest son in turn, named William de Braose, 3rd Lord of Bramber. He also fathered a second son, also called Philip and two daughters, Basilia and Gillian. It is thought that he died between 1131 and 1139, possibly 1134 on a crusade in the Holy Land.

Philip — Aenor of Totnes. Aenor (daughter of Juhel of Totnes) was born 1084. [Group Sheet]

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• Reference Number: 15942

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• Reference Number: 15939

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William de Braose, First Lord of Bramber born 1049 in Briouze, Normandy (today part of the Argentan Arrondissement in the region of Basse-Normandie). (d. 1093/1096) was a Norman nobleman who participated in the victory at the Battle of Hastings over King Harold Godwinson in support of William the Conqueror as he and his followers invaded and controlled Saxon England. His name at this early stage would have been Guillaume de Briouze.

De Braose was given lands in Sussex, England at Bramber in 1073, where he was lord of the Rape of Bramberand where he built Bramber Castle. De Braose was also awarded lands in the Welsh Marches, and became one of the most powerful of the new Lords of the early Norman era.

He continued to bear arms alongside King William in campaigns in England, Normandy and Maine in France.

He was a pious man and made considerable grants to the Abbey of St, Florent, Samur and to endow the formation of a Priory at Sele, West Sussex near Bramber and a Priory at Briouze.

He was soon installed in a new Norman castle at Bramber, to guard the strategically important harbour at Steyning and so began a vigorous boundary dispute and power tussle with the monks from Fécamp, in Normandy to whom King William I had granted Steyning, brought to a head by the Domesday Book, completed in 1086.

It found that de Braose had built a bridge at Bramber and demanded tolls from ships travelling further along the river to the busy port at Steyning. The monks also challenged Bramber's right to bury people in the churchyard of William de Braose's new church of Saint Nicholas, and demanded the burial fees for themselves, despite it being built to serve the castle not the town. The monks then produced forged documents to defend their position and were unhappy with the failure of their claim on Hastings, which were very similar. The monks claimed the same freedoms and land tenure in Hastings as King Edward had given them at Steyning. Though on a technicality William was bound to uphold all aspects of the status quo before Edward's death, the monks had already been expelled 10 years before that death. King William wanted to hold Hastings for himself for strategic reasons and ignored the problem until 1085, when he confirmed their Steyning claims but swapped the Hastings claim for land in the manor of Bury (near Pulborough in Sussex). In 1086 the King William called his sons, Barons and Bishops to court (the last time an English king presided personally, with his full court, to decide a matter of law) to settle this. It took a full day, and the Abbey won over the baron, forcing William de Braose to curtail his bridge tolls, give up various encroachments onto the Abbey's lands, including a farmed rabbit warren, a park, eighteen burgage plots, a causeway, and a channel to fill his moat, and organise a mass exhumation and transfer of all Bramber's dead to the churchyard of Saint Cuthman's Church in Steyning.

William de Braose was succeeded as Lord of Bramber by his son, Philip. William de Braose was present for the consecration of a church in his hometown of Briouze, near Falaise in Normandy, France, whence the name de Braose originates, in 1093, so we know he was still alive in that year. However, his son Philip was issuing charters as Lord of Bramber in 1096, indicating that William de Braose died sometime between those dates probably at Bramber.

Birth:
Briouze, Normandy

William — Agnes De St. Clare. Agnes was born 1048, Barnstaple, Devon, England; died 1080. [Group Sheet]

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• Reference Number: 15941

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• Reference Number: 15943