Constance De Brus

Other Events:

• Reference Number: 37213

Constance — William Scot De Calverley. [Group Sheet]

Other Events:

• Reference Number: 2337

Notes:

Robert V de Brus (Robert de Brus), 5th Lord of Annandale (ca. 1210 - 31 March or 3 May 1295), was a feudal lord, Justice and Constable of Scotland and England, a Regent of Scotland, and a leading competitor for the Scottish throne in 1290/92 in the Great Cause. His grandson Robert the Bruce eventually became King of Scots.

Early life:

Robert was son of Robert Bruce, 4th Lord of Annandale and Isobel of Huntingdon, the second daughter of David of Scotland, 8th Earl of Huntingdon and Matilda de Kevilloc of Chester. David in turn was the son of Henry of Scotland, Earl of Huntingdon and Northumberland and Ada de Warenne; Henry's parents were King David I of Scotland and Maud of Northumberland.

In addition to Annandale, Robert was Lord of Hartlepool (otherwise known as Hartness) in county Durham and Writtle and Hatfield Broadoak in Essex, England. His first wife brought to him the village of Ripe, in Sussex, and his second wife the Lordship of Ireby in Cumberland.

His possessions were later increased following the defeat of Simon de Montfort at the Battle of Evesham (1265), via a series of grants that included the estates of the former rebel barons Walter de Fauconberg and John de Melsa. Henry III also re-appointed Robert a Justice, and Constable of Carlisle Castle and keeper of the Castle there in 1267, a position he had been dismissed from in 1255, for his support during the rebellion. Robert probably joined the princes Edward and Edmund on their 1270/74 crusade, as his sons failed to attend.

In 1271, Robert obtained the hand of Marjorie of Carrick, the young widowed heiress of Niall of Carrick, 2nd Earl of Carrick for his son, also called Robert de Brus.

Robert Bruce was Regent of Scotland some time during minority of his second cousin King Alexander III of Scotland (1241-1286) and was occasionally recognised as a Tanist of the Scottish throne. He was the closest surviving male relative to the king: Margaret of Huntingdon's issue were all females up until birth of Hugh Balliol sometime in the 1260s. When Alexander yet was childless, he was officially named as heir-presumptive, but never gained the throne as Alexander managed to beget three children. The succession in the main line of the House of Dunkeld became highly precarious when towards the end of Alexander's reign, all three of his children died within a few years. The middle-aged Alexander III induced in 1284 the Estates to recognise as his heir-presumptive his granddaughter Margaret, called the "Maid of Norway", his only surviving descendant. The need for a male heir led Alexander to contract a second marriage to Yolande de Dreux on 1 November 1285. All this was eventually in vain. Alexander died suddenly, in a fall from his horse, when only 45 years old, in 1286. His death ushered in a time of political upheaval for Scotland. His three-year old granddaughter Margaret, who lived in Norway, was recognised as his successor. However, the then 7-year old heiress Margaret died, travelling towards her kingdom, on the Orkney Islands around 26 September 1290. With her death, the main royal line came to an end and thirteen claimants asserted their rights to the Scottish Throne.

The Great Cause:

After this extinction of the senior line of the Scottish royal house (the line of William I of Scotland) David of Huntingdon's descendants were the primary candidates for the throne. The two most notable claimants to the throne, John Balliol and Robert himself represented descent through David's daughters Margaret and Isobel respectively.

Robert Bruce pleaded tanistry and proximity of blood in the succession dispute. He descended from the second daughter of David of Huntingdon, whereas John Balliol descended from the eldest, and thus had the lineal right. However, Robert was a second cousin of kings of Scotland and descended in 4th generation from King David I of Scotland, whereas John Balliol was a third cousin of kings and descended in 5th generation from King David I, the most recent common ancestor who had been Scottish king. The ensuing 'Great Cause' was concluded in 1292. It gave the Crown of Scotland to his family's great rival, John Balliol. The events took place as follows:

Soon after the death of young queen Margaret, Robert Bruce raised a body of men with the help of the Earls of Mar and Atholl and marched to Perth with a considerable following and uncertain intentions. Bishop Fraser of St. Andrews, worried of the possibility of civil war, wrote to Edward, asking for his assistance in choosing a new monarch.

Edward took this chance to demand sasine of the Scottish royal estate, but agreed to pass judgment in return for recognition of his suzerainty. The guardians of Scotland denied him this, but Robert Bruce was quick to pay homage. All the claimants swore oaths of homage, and John Balliol was the last to do so. The guardians were forced to concede and were thus reinstated by Edward.

Judgment processed slowly. On 3 August 1291 Edward asked both Balliol and Bruce to choose forty auditors while he himself chose twenty-four, to decide the case. After considering all of the arguments, in early November the court decided in favour of John Balliol, having the superior claim in feudal law, not to mention greater support from the kingdom of Scotland. In accordance with this, final judgement was given by Edward on 17 November. On 30 November, John Balliol was crowned as King of Scots at Scone Abbey. On 26 December, at Newcastle upon Tyne, King John swore homage to Edward I for the kingdom of Scotland. Edward soon made it clear that he regarded the country as his vassal state. The Bruce family thus lost what they regarded as their rightful place on the Scottish throne.

Later years:

Robert, 5th Lord of Annandale resigned the lordship of Annandale and his claim to the throne to his eldest son Robert de Brus. Shortly afterwards, in 1292, the younger Robert's wife Marjorie of Carrick died and the earldom of Carrick, which Robert had ruled jure uxoris, devolved upon their eldest son, also called Robert, the future King.

In 1292, Robert V de Brus held a market at Ireby, Cumberland, in right of his wife. The following year he had a market at Hartlepool, county Durham within the liberties of the Bishop of Durham.

Sir Robert de Brus died at Lochmaben Castle and was buried at Guisborough or Gisburn Priory in Cleveland.

Family and children:

He married firstly on 12 May 1240 Lady Isabella de Clare (2 November 1226 - after 10 July 1264), daughter of Gilbert de Clare, 4th Earl of Hertford and 5th Earl of Gloucester and Lady Isabel Marshal, with issue:

Isabel de Brus (1249 - c. 1284), married (as his first wife) Sir John FitzMarmaduke, Knt., of Horden, Eighton, Lamesley, Ravensholm, and Silksworth, County Durham, Sheriff of North Durham, and Joint Warden[disambiguation needed] beyond the Scottish Sea between the Firth of Forth and Orkney. He fought on the English side at the Battle of Falkirk, 22 July 1298, and was present at the Siege of Caerlaverock Castle in 1300. In 1307 he was commanded to assist the Earl of Richmond in expelling Robert de Brus and the Scottish rebels from Galloway. In 1309 his armour and provisions in a vessel bound for Perth were arrested off Great Yarmouth. He was governor of St. John's Town (Perth) in 1310 until his death. Isabel was buried at Easington, County Durham.
Robert VI the Bruce, 6th Lord of Annandale, Earl of Carrick (1253-1304)
William de Brus, married Elizabeth de Sully, without issue
Sir Bernard de Bruce, of Connington, married firstly Alicia de Clare and married secondly Constance de Morleyn.
Richard de Brus (died ca. 26 January 1287), unmarried and without issue
Constance de Brus (born 1251, date of death unknown), married Sir William Scot de Calverley and had daughter, Clarissa Scott (m. Sir John Fairfax)

He married, secondly on 3 May 1275 at Hoddam, in the Diocese of Glasgow, Christina (died ca. 1305 or 1305), daughter and heiress of Sir William de Ireby, of Ireby, Cumberland. They had no issue.

From:(http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Robert_de_Brus,_5th_Lord_of_Annandale)

Buried:
Gisborough Priory

Died:
Lochmaben Castle

Robert married Isabella De Clare 12 May 1240. Isabella (daughter of Gilbert De Clare, daughter of Gilbert De Clare and Isabel Marshal) was born 2 Nov 1226; died Aft 10 Jul 1264. [Group Sheet]

Other Events:

• Name: Isabel De Clare
• Reference Number: 37203

Other Events:

• Reference Number: 2212

Notes:

Robert IV de Brus, the Noble (ca. 1195 - 1226-1233) was a 13th century 4th Lord of Annandale.

He was the son of William de Brus, 3rd Lord of Annandale and Christina or Beatrice de Teyden.

Robert IV married ca. 1219 Isabella, the second daughter of David of Scotland, 8th Earl of Huntingdon, by which marriage he acquired the manors of Writtle and Hatfield Broadoak, Essex in England. They had his heir and successor, and a daughter:

Robert V de Brus.
Beatrice de Brus, married Hugh de Neville.

He died sometime between 1226 and 1233, and was buried in Gisborough Priory or in Saltre Abbey, near Stilton, Gloucestershire.

From:(http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Robert_Bruce,_4th_Lord_of_Annandale)

Buried:
Gisborough Priory

Robert — Isabella of Huntingdon. Isabella (daughter of David of Scotland and Matilda of Chester) was born Abt 1206; died Abt 1251. [Group Sheet]

Other Events:

• Name: Isobel
• Reference Number: 7644

Other Events:

• Reference Number: 37204

Gilbert — Isabel Marshal. Isabel (daughter of William Marshal and Isabel De Clare) was born 9 Oct 1200; died 17 Jan 1240. [Group Sheet]

Other Events:

• Reference Number: 15724

Other Events:

• Reference Number: 2338

Notes:

William de Brus, 3rd Lord of Annandale (died 16 July 1212) was the second but eldest surviving son of Robert de Brus, 2nd Lord of Annandale.

His elder brother, Robert III de Brus, predeceased their father and never held the lordship of Annandale. William de Brus thus succeeded his father when the latter died in 1194.

William de Brus possessed large estates in the north of England. He obtained from King John, the grant of a weekly market at Hartlepool, and granted lands to the canons of Gisburn. Very little else is known about William's activities. He makes a few appearances in the English government records and witnessed a charter of King William of Scotland.

He married a woman called Beatrice de Teyden, and had by her at least two sons:

Robert (his successor)
William

From:(http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/William_de_Brus,_3rd_Lord_of_Annandale)

William — Beatrice De Teyden. [Group Sheet]

Other Events:

• Reference Number: 13860

Other Events:

• Reference Number: 10623

Notes:

David of Scotland (c. 1144 - 17 June 1219) was a Scottish prince and Earl of Huntingdon. He was a claimant to the Scottish throne.

Life:

He was the youngest surviving son of Henry of Scotland, 3rd Earl of Huntingdon and Ada de Warenne, a daughter of William de Warenne, 2nd Earl of Surrey, and Elizabeth of Vermandois. His paternal grandfather was David I of Scotland. Huntingdon was granted to him after his elder brother William I of Scotland ascended the throne. David's son John succeeded him to the earldom.

In the litigation for succession to the crown of Scotland in 1290-1292, the great-great-grandson Floris V, Count of Holland of David's sister, Ada, claimed that David had renounced his hereditary rights to the throne of Scotland. He therefore declared that his claim to the throne had priority over David's descendants. However, no explanation or firm evidence for the supposed renounciation could be provided.

On 26 August 1190 David married Matilda of Chester, daughter of Hugh de Kevelioc, 3rd Earl of Chester. He was almost thirty years Matilda's senior. The marriage was recorded by Benedict of Peterborough.

David and Matilda had seven children:

Margaret of Huntingdon (c. 1194 - c. 1228), married Alan, Lord of Galloway, by whom she had two daughters, including Dervorguilla of Galloway.
Robert of Huntingdon (died young)
Ada of Huntingdon, married Sir Henry de Hastings, by whom she had one son, Henry de Hastings, 1st Baron Hastings.
Matilda (Maud) of Huntingdon (-aft.1219, unmarried)
Isobel of Huntingdon (1199-1251), married Robert Bruce, 4th Lord of Annandale, by whom she had two sons, including Robert de Brus, 5th Lord of Annandale.
John of Scotland, Earl of Huntingdon (1207 - 6 June 1237), married Elen ferch Llywelyn. He succeeded his uncle Ranulf as Earl of Chester in 1232, but died childless.
Henry of Huntingdon (died young)

After the extinction of the senior line of the Scottish royal house in 1290, when the legitimate line of William the Lion of Scotland ended, David's descendants were the prime candidates for the throne. The two most notable claimants to the throne, Robert Bruce, 5th Lord of Annandale (grandfather of King Robert I of Scotland) and John of Scotland were his descendants through David's daughters Isobel and Margaret, respectively.

Robin Hood Connection?

David is a possible inspiration figure for the Robin Hood legend because the legend plays at the same time as David lived in the 1190s. Another similarity is the Earl of Huntingdon question, because a historian names Robin Hood as a possible Earl of that area. Also both had taken part in the Third Crusade and by 1194 David had taken part at the siege of Nottingham Castle where the High Sheriff of Nottinghamshire and Derby County was taken captive. His son Robert who died young was also a possible inspiration for Robin Hood.

From:(http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/David_of_Scotland,_8th_Earl_of_Huntingdon)

David married Matilda of Chester 26 Aug 1190, Scotland. Matilda (daughter of Hugh De Kevelioc and Bertrade De Montfort) was born 1171, Chester, Cheshire, England; died 6 Jan 1233. [Group Sheet]

Other Events:

• Name: Maud de Kevelioc
• Reference Number: 8275

Other Events:

• Reference Number: 16036

Notes:

Richard de Clare, 3rd Earl of Hertford (c.1153 - 30 December 1218) was the son of Roger de Clare, 2nd Earl of Hertford and Maud de St. Hilary. More commonly known as the Earl of Clare, he had the majority of the Giffard estates from his ancestor, Rohese. He was present at the coronations of King Richard I at Westminster, 3 September 1189, and King John on 27 May 1199. He was also present at the homeage of King William of Scotland at Lincoln.

He married (c. 1172) Amice FitzRobert, Countess of Gloucester (c. 1160-1220), second daughter, and co-heiress, of William Fitz Robert, 2nd Earl of Gloucester, and Hawise de Beaumont. Sometime before 1198, Earl Richard and his wife Amice were ordered to separate by the Pope on grounds of consanguinity. They separated for a time because of this order but apparently reconciled their marriage with the Pope later on.

He sided with the Barons against King John, even though he had previously sworn peace with the King at Northampton, and his castle of Tonbridge was taken. He played a leading part in the negotiations for Magna Carta, being one of the twenty five sureties. On 9 November 1215, he was one of the commissioners on the part of the Barons to negotiate the peace with the King. In 1215, his lands in counties Cambridge, Norfolk, Suffolk and Essex were granted to Robert de Betun. He and his son were among the Barons excommunicated by the Pope in 1215. His own arms were: Or, three chevronels gules.

Richard and Amice had children:
Gilbert de Clare, b. ca. 1180, d. 25 Oct 1230, 4th Earl of Hertford and 4th Earl of Gloucester, (or 1st Earl of Gloucester of new creation). Married in 1217 Isabel Marshal.
Maud (Matilda) de Clare b. ca. 1184, d. 1213. Married in 1206, Sir William de Braose, son of William de Braose and Maud de St. Valery.
Richard de Clare, b. ca. 1184, d. 4 Mar 1228, London

Birth:
Tonbridge Castle

Richard — Amice Fitzrobert. Amice (daughter of William Fitzrobert) was born Abt 1160; died 1220. [Group Sheet]

Other Events:

• Reference Number: 16043

Other Events:

• Name: William the Marshal (Guillaume le Maréchal)
• Reference Number: 15699

Notes:

William Marshal, 1st Earl of Pembroke (1146 - 14 May 1219), also called William the Marshal (Guillaume le Maréchal), was an Anglo-Norman soldier and statesman. He has been described as the "greatest knight that ever lived" (Stephen Langton). He served four kings - Henry II, Richard the Lionheart, John and Henry III - and rose from obscurity to become a regent of England for the last of the four, and so, one of the most powerful men in Europe. Before him, the hereditary title of "Earl Marshal" designated head of household security for the king of England; by the time he died, people throughout Europe (not just England) referred to him simply as "the Marshal".

Early life

In 1152, when William was probably about six years old, his father John Marshal switched sides during the period of civil war in England often referred to as The Anarchy, The civil war was between King Stephen and Empress Matilda, both whom claimed the Monarchy. According to one chronicler, when King Stephen besieged Newbury Castle, Stephen used the young William as a hostage to ensure that John kept a promise to surrender the castle. John however, used the time alloted to reinforce the castle and alert Matilda's forces. When Stephen ordered John to surrender immediately or watch as he hanged William in front of the castle, John replied that he go ahead, saying "I still have the hammer and the anvil with which to forge still more and better sons!" Fortunately for the child, Stephen could not bring himself to hang young William.

Knight-Errant:

As a younger son of a minor nobleman, William had no lands or fortune to inherit, and had to make his own way in life. As a youth he was sent to Normandy to serve in the household of William de Tancarville, where he began his training to become a knight. Through William de Tancarville, he then served in the household of his mother's brother, Patrick, Earl of Salisbury. In 1168 William's uncle was killed in an ambush by Guy of Lusignan. William was injured and captured in the same battle, but was ransomed by Eleanor of Aquitaine, who was apparently impressed by tales of his bravery. He had been knighted in 1167 and soon found he could make a good living out of winning tournaments. At that time tournaments were dangerous, often deadly, staged battles, not the jousting contests that would come later, and money and valuable prizes could be won by capturing and ransoming opponents. His record is legendary: he supposedly fought in 500 such bouts in his life and never lost once.

Royal favour:

Upon his return William rejoined the court of King Henry II, and now served the father through the many rebellions of his remaining sons (Richard, Geoffrey, and John). In 1189, while covering the flight of Henry II from Le Mans to Chinon, William unhorsed the undutiful Richard in a skirmish. William could have killed the prince but killed his horse instead, to make that point clear. He is said to be the only man ever to unhorse Richard. After Henry's death, he was welcomed at court by his former adversary, now King Richard I, who was not foolish enough to exclude a man whose legend, and power, just kept growing.

In August 1189, when he was 43, King Richard arranged for him to marry the second-richest heiress in England, Isabel de Clare (1172-1220), the 17-year-old daughter of Richard Strongbow. Her father had been Earl of Pembroke, and this title was granted to William, along with large estates in England, Wales, Normandy and Ireland. The marriage transformed the landless knight from a minor family into one of the richest men in the kingdom, a sign of his power and prestige at court. They had five sons and five daughters, and have numerous descendants (see below). William made numerous improvements to his wife's lands, including extensive additions to Pembroke Castle and Chepstow Castle.

William was included in the council of regency which the King appointed on his departure for the Third Crusade in 1190. He took the side of Prince John when the latter expelled the justiciar, William Longchamp, from the kingdom, but he soon discovered that the interests of John were different from those of Richard. Hence in 1193 he joined with the loyalists in making war upon the prince. Richard forgave Marshal his first error of judgement, and allowed him to succeed his brother, John Marshal, in the hereditary marshalship, and on his death-bed designated him as custodian of Rouen and of the royal treasure during the interregnum.

King John and Magna Carta:

William supported King John when he became king in 1199, but they had a falling out when William paid homage to King Philip II of France for his Norman lands of Orbec and Longueville. William left for Leinster in 1207 and stayed in Ireland until 1212, during which time he had Carlow Castle erected[1]. In 1212 he was summoned to fight in the Welsh wars. Despite these differences, it was William on 15 June 1215 at Runnymede who dealt with the barons who made King John agree to the Magna Carta, and he was one of the few English noblemen to remain loyal to the royal side through the First Barons' War. It was William whom King John trusted on his deathbed to make sure John's nine-year-old son Henry would get the throne.

On 11 November 1216, upon the death of King John, William Marshal was named by the king's council (the chief barons who had remained loyal to King John in the First Barons' War) to serve as both regent of the 9 year old King Henry III, and regent of the kingdom. In spite of his advanced age (around 70) he prosecuted the war against Prince Louis and the rebel barons with remarkable energy. In the battle of Lincoln he charged and fought at the head of the young King's army, leading them to victory. He was preparing to besiege Louis in London when the war was terminated by the naval victory of Hubert de Burgh in the straits of Dover. He was criticized for the generosity of the terms he accorded to Louis and the rebels in September 1217; but his desire for an expeditious settlement was dictated by sound statesmanship. Self-restraint and compromise were the key-notes of Marshal's policy, hoping to secure peace and stability for his young liege. Both before and after the peace of 1217 he reissued Magna Carta, in which he is a signatory as one of the witnessing barons. Without his presence England might not have survived the disastrous reign of John; where the French and the rebels would not trust the English king's word, they would trust William.

Death and legacy

William Marshal was interred in Temple Church, London

William Marshal's health finally failed him in February 1219. In March 1219 he realized that he was dying, so he summoned his eldest son, also William, and his household knights, and left the Tower of London for his estate at Caversham in Oxfordshire, near Reading, where he called a meeting of the barons, Henry III, the papal legate, the royal justiciar (Hubert de Burgh), and Peter des Roches (Bishop of Winchester and the young King's guardian). William rejected the Bishop's claim to the regency and entrusted the regency to the care of the papal legate; he apparently did not trust the Bishop or any of the other magnates that he had gathered to this meeting. Fulfilling the vow he had made while on crusade, he was invested into the order of the Knights Templar on his deathbed. He died on 14 May 1219 at Caversham, and was buried in the Temple Church in London, where his effigy can still be seen.

After his death, his eldest son, also named William, commissioned a biography of his father to be written called L'Histoire de Guillaume le Marechal. This book, written so soon after his death, has preserved (and probably enhanced) the legend of William Marshal for posterity. While his knightly achievements may be debatable, there is no doubt of his impact on the history and politics of England, from his stalwart defence of the realm to his support of the Magna Carta.

Descendents of William Marshal & Isabel de Clare, 4th Countess of Pembroke:

William Marshal, 2nd Earl of Pembroke (1190 - 6 April 1231), married (1) Alice de Bethune, daughter of Earl of Albemarle; (2) 23 April 1224 Eleanor Plantagenet, daughter of King John of England. They had no children.
Richard Marshal, 3rd Earl of Pembroke (1191 - 16 April 1234), married Gervase le Dinant. He died in captivity. They had no children.
Mahelt/Maud/Matilda Marshal (1194 - 27 March 1248), married (1) Hugh Bigod, 3rd Earl of Norfolk, they had four children; (2) William de Warenne, 6th Earl of Surrey, they had two children; (3) Walter de Dunstanville.
Gilbert Marshal, 4th Earl of Pembroke (1197 - 27 June 1241), married (1) Marjorie of Scotland, youngest daughter of King William I of Scotland; by an unknown mistress he had one illegitimate daughter:
Isabel Marshal, married to Rhys ap Maeldon Fychan.
Walter Marshal, 5th Earl of Pembroke (c. 1199 - November 1245), married Margaret de Quincy, granddaughter of Hugh de Kevelioc, 3rd Earl of Chester. No children.
Isabel Marshal (9 October 1200 - 17 January 1240), married (1) Gilbert de Clare, 5th Earl of Hertford, whose daughter Isabel de Clare married Robert Bruce, 5th Lord of Annandale, the grandfather of Robert the Bruce; (2) Richard Plantagenet, Earl of Cornwall
Sibyl Marshal (c. 1201 - 27 April 1245), married William de Ferrers, 5th Earl of Derby - they had seven daughters.
Agnes Ferrers (died 11 May 1290), married William de Vesci.
Isabel Ferrers (died before 26 November 1260)
Maud Ferrers (died 12 March 1298)
Sibyl Ferrers, married Sir Francis or Franco de Bohun, an ancestor of American pioneer Daniel Boone.
Joan Ferrers (died 1267)
Agatha Ferrers (died May 1306), married Hugh Mortimer, of Chelmarsh.
Eleanor Ferrers (died 16 October 1274), married to:
Lady Eva Marshal (1203 - 1246), married William de Braose, Lord of Abergavenny - from whom was descended Queen Jane Seymour
Isabella de Braose (b.1222), married Prince Dafydd ap Llywelyn. She died childless.
Maud de Braose (1224-1301, in 1247, she married Roger Mortimer, 1st Baron Wigmore.
Eve de Braose (1227- 28 July 1255), married William de Cantelou.
Eleanor de Braose (c.1228- 1251). On an unknown date after August 1241, she married Humphrey de Bohun.
Anselm Marshal, 6th Earl of Pembroke (c. 1208 - 22 December 1245), married Maud de Bohun, daughter of Humphrey de Bohun, 2nd Earl of Hereford. They had no children.
Joan Marshal (1210 - 1234), married Warin de Munchensi (d. 1255), Lord of Swanscombe
Joan de Munchensi (1230 - September 20, 1307) married William of Valence, the fourth son of King John's widow, Isabella of Angoulême, and her second husband, Hugh X of Lusignan, Count of La Marche. Valence was half-brother to Henry III and Edward I's uncle.

The Fate of the Marshal Family:

During the civil wars in Ireland, William had taken two manors that the Bishop of Ferns claimed but could not get back. Some years after William's death, that bishop is said to have laid a curse on the family that William's sons would have no children, and the great Marshal estates would be scattered. Each of William's sons did become earl of Pembroke and marshal of England, and each died without issue. William's vast holdings were then divided among the husbands of his five daughters. The title of "Marshal" went to the husband of the oldest daughter, Hugh Bigod, 3rd Earl of Norfolk, and later passed to the Mowbray dukes of Norfolk and then to the Howard dukes of Norfolk, becoming "Earl Marshal" along the way. The title of "Earl of Pembroke" passed to William of Valence, the husband of Joan Marshal's daughter, Joan de Munchensi; he became the first of the de Valence line of earls of Pembroke.

William Marshal in fiction:

William appears (named only as the Earl of Pembroke) in William Shakespeare's historical play King John.

Four generations of the Marshal family, from Isabel de Clare's parents through William fitzWilliam's fictitious bastard son, are the subjects of a series of four historical romances by Mary Pershall. Dawn of the White Rose (©1985) is the one about William Marshal and Isabel de Clare.
William Marshal also appears as a supporting character in Thomas B. Costain's out of print novel Below the Salt, and Sharon Kay Penman's novels Time and Chance and Devil's Brood, as well as a minor appearance in Penman's When Christ and His Saints Slept, illustrating the story about young William's time as King Stephan's hostage and John Marshal's defiance.

William Marshal is the main character of the novel A Pride of Kings by Juliet Dymoke, published by the New English Library in 1978.

William Marshal is a significant secondary character in the novel The Witch Hunter by Bernard Knight, in the author's John Crowner medieval mystery series, published in 2004.

A new novel about William Marshal, The Greatest Knight by Elizabeth Chadwick, based on primary sources and the main secondary source biographies of professors Painter, Duby and Crouch was published by Time Warner Books on 3 November 2005. A sequel, The Scarlet Lion followed in 2006. As one of the prominent historical figures of the period, Marshal also appears as a minor character in several of her other novels set around the same time.

In film, Marshal makes a minor appearance in 1968's The Lion in Winter, portrayed by Nigel Stock. Clive Wood portrays Marshal in the 2003 remake.

Many events in William Marshal's life were incorporated into the 2001 film A Knight's Tale.

Another novel about William and his wife is Champion (in German "Der Ritter der Könige) from Christian Balling of the year 1988.

William Marshal is a major character in the novels The Devil is Loose and its sequel, Wolf at the Door by Graham Shelby. The books are about Richard Lionheart and King John, and are historical fictions about the events after the death of Henry II and the fall of the Angevin Empire.

William Marshal also has 2 appearances in the historical romance novels "The Falcon and the Flower" and "The Dragon and the Jewel" by author Virginia Henley.

He is a major character in Sharon Penman's 'Devil's Brood'.

William Marshal is also a major character in Sir Ridley Scott's upcoming Robin Hood epic, in which he is played by William Hurt.

William Marshal is also a key character in Christopher Morley's new play The King's Disposition.

References:

^ "Carlow Castle". Carlow Town.com. Retrieved 2007-12-09.
Paul Meyer, L'Histoire de Guillaume le Maréchal (Paris: Société de l'histoire de France, 1891-1901), with partial translation of the original sources into Modern French. Edition and English translation, History of William Marshal, ed. A.J. Holden and D. Crouch, trans. S. Gregory (3 vols, Anglo-Norman Text Society, Occasional Publication Series, 4-6, 2002-2007).
Sidney Painter, William Marshal, Knight-Errant, Baron, and Regent of England (Baltimore: Johns Hopkins Press, 1933; reprint Toronto: University of Toronto Press, 1982).
Georges Duby, William Marshal, the Flower of Chivalry (New York: Pantheon, 1985).
David Crouch, William Marshal: Knighthood, War and Chivalry, 1147-1219 (2n edn, London: Longman, 2002). A healthy corrective to Duby's excessive reliance on the Histoire.
John Gillingham, 'War and Chivalry in the History of William the Marshal' in Thirteenth Century England II ed. P.R. Cross and S.D. Lloyd (Woodbridge, 1988) 1-13.
Larry D. Benson, 'The Tournament in the romances of Chrétien de Troyes and L'Histoire de Guillaume le Maréchal' in Studies in Medieval Culture XIV 1980 1-24.
David Crouch, "Biography as Propaganda in the 'History of William Marshall", in Convaincre et persuader: Communication et propagande aux XII et XIIIe siècles. Ed. par Martin Aurell. Poitiers: Université de Poitiers-centre d'études supérieures de civilisation médiévale, 2007.

http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/William_Marshal

Buried:
Temple Church

William — Isabel De Clare. Isabel (daughter of Richard De Clare and Aoife of Leinster) was born 1172, Ireland; died 1220; was buried , Monmouthshire, Wales. [Group Sheet]

Other Events:

• Reference Number: 15700

Notes:

Isabel de Clare, suo jure Countess of Pembroke and Striguil (1172-1220), was a Cambro-Norman-Irish noblewoman and one of the greatest heiresses in Wales and Ireland. She was the wife of William Marshall, 1st Earl of Pembroke (1146 - 14 May 1219)

Family:

Isabel was born in 1172 in Ireland, the eldest child of Richard de Clare, 2nd Earl of Pembroke (1130 - 20 April 1176), known to history as Strongbow, and Aoife of Leinster, the daughter of Dermot MacMurrough, King of Leinster and Mor O'Toole. The latter was a daughter of Muitchertach O'Toole and Cacht Inion Loigsig O'Morda. The marriage of Strongbow and Aoife took place in August 1170, the day after the capture of Waterford by the Cambro-Norman forces led by Strongbow, and abetted by Dermot MacMurrough.

Isabel's paternal grandparents were Gilbert de Clare, 1st Earl of Pembroke and Isabella de Meulan. She had a younger brother Gilbert de Striguil, who died at the age of twelve having succeeded their father in 1176 as the 3rd Earl of Pembroke. She also had an illegitimate half-sister Basile de Clare, who married three times. Basile's husbands were: Robert de Quincy; Raymond Fitzgerald, Constable of Leinster: Geoffrey FitzRobert, Baron of Kells.

Isabel was described as pleasant, gentle, and extremely attractive. After her brother Gilbert's death in 1185, she became one of the wealthiest heiresses in the kingdom, owning besides the suo jure titles of Pembroke and Striguil much land in Wales and Ireland. She inherited the numerous castles on the inlet of Milford Haven, guarding the South Channel, including Pembroke Castle.[1] She was a ward of King Henry II.

Marriage:

The new King Richard I arranged her marriage in August 1189 to William Marshall, the greatest knight and soldier in the realm. Henry II had promised Marshall he would be given Isabel as his bride, and his son Richard upheld the promise one month after his ascension to the throne. William Marshall would serve as Lord Marshal of England, four kings in all: Henry II, Richard I, John, and Henry III. After his marriage to Isabel, Marshall became the jure uxoris 1st Earl of Pembroke, Earl of Striguil, and assumed overlordship of Leinster in Ireland, Pembroke Castle, Chepstow Castle, as well as Isabel's other castles in Wales such as the keep of Haverford, Tenby, Lewhaden, Narberth, Stackpole. In 1189, shortly after their marriage, Marshall and Isabella arrived in Ireland, at Old Ros, a settlement located in the territory which belonged to her grandfather, Dermot MacMurrough. A motte was hastily constructed, a medieval borough quickly grew around it, and afterwards the Marshalls founded the port town by the river which subsequently became known as New Ross. The Chronicles of Ros, which are housed in the British Museum, described Isabella and Marshall's arrival in Ireland and records that Isabella set about building a lovely city on the banks of the Barrow.

The marriage was happy, despite the vast difference in age between them. William Marshall and Isabel produced a total of five sons and five daughters.

List of children:

William Marshal, 2nd Earl of Pembroke (1190 - 6 April 1231). Chief Justiciar of Ireland. He married firstly, Alice de Bethune, and secondly, Eleanor Plantagenet, daughter of King John. He died childless.
Richard Marshal, 3rd Earl of Pembroke (1191 - 1 April 1234) Kilkenny Castle, Ireland), married Gervase le Dinant. He died childless.
Maud Marshal (1192 - 27 March 1248). She married firstly, Hugh Bigod, 3rd Earl of Norfolk, by whom she had issue; she married secondly, William de Warenne, 6th Earl of Surrey, by whom she had issue, including John de Warenne, 7th Earl of Surrey who married Alice le Brun de Lusignan; she married thirdly, Walter de Dunstanville.
Gilbert Marshal, 4th Earl of Pembroke (1194 - 27 June 1241). He married firstly, Margaret of Scotland; and secondly, Maud de Lanvaley. He died childless.
Walter Marshal, 5th Earl of Pembroke (1196 - 24 November 1245). He married Margaret de Quincy, Countess of Lincoln, widow of John de Lacy, 1st Earl of Lincoln, as her second husband. The marriage was childless.
Anselm Marshal, 6th Earl of Pembroke (1198 - 22 December 1245). He married Maud de Bohun. He died childless.
Isabel Marshal (9 October 1200 - 17 January 1240). She married firstly, Gilbert de Clare, 5th Earl of Hertford; and secondly, Richard, 1st Earl of Cornwall. She had issue by both marriages.
Sibyl Marshal (1201 - before 1238), married William de Ferrers, 5th Earl of Derby, by whom she had issue.
Joan Marshal (1202 - 1234), married Warin de Munchensi, Lord of Swanscombe, by whom she had issue.
Eva Marshal (1203-1246), married William de Braose, Lord of Abergavenny. She had issue, from whom descended, queens consort Anne Boleyn and Jane Seymour.

Legacy

Isabel died in Pembrokeshire, Wales in 1220 at the age of forty-eight. Her husband had died the year before. She is buried at Tintern Abbey, Monmouthshire.

Although her daughters had many children, her five sons, curiously, died childless. This is supposedly attributed to a curse placed upon William Marshal by the Irish Bishop of Ferns.[3]The title of marshal subsequently passed to Hugh de Bigod, husband of Isabel's eldest daughter Maud, while the title of Earl of Pembroke went to William de Valence, 1st Earl of Pembroke, the husband of Joan de Munchensi, daughter of Joan Marshal. He was the first of the de Valence line of the earls of Pembroke.

http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Isabel_de_Clare,_3rd_Countess_of_Pembroke

Buried:
Tintern Abbey