5th Lord Of Annandale Robert De Brus, V

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• Reference Number: 2337

Notes:

Robert V de Brus (Robert de Brus), 5th Lord of Annandale (ca. 1210 - 31 March or 3 May 1295), was a feudal lord, Justice and Constable of Scotland and England, a Regent of Scotland, and a leading competitor for the Scottish throne in 1290/92 in the Great Cause. His grandson Robert the Bruce eventually became King of Scots.

Early life:

Robert was son of Robert Bruce, 4th Lord of Annandale and Isobel of Huntingdon, the second daughter of David of Scotland, 8th Earl of Huntingdon and Matilda de Kevilloc of Chester. David in turn was the son of Henry of Scotland, Earl of Huntingdon and Northumberland and Ada de Warenne; Henry's parents were King David I of Scotland and Maud of Northumberland.

In addition to Annandale, Robert was Lord of Hartlepool (otherwise known as Hartness) in county Durham and Writtle and Hatfield Broadoak in Essex, England. His first wife brought to him the village of Ripe, in Sussex, and his second wife the Lordship of Ireby in Cumberland.

His possessions were later increased following the defeat of Simon de Montfort at the Battle of Evesham (1265), via a series of grants that included the estates of the former rebel barons Walter de Fauconberg and John de Melsa. Henry III also re-appointed Robert a Justice, and Constable of Carlisle Castle and keeper of the Castle there in 1267, a position he had been dismissed from in 1255, for his support during the rebellion. Robert probably joined the princes Edward and Edmund on their 1270/74 crusade, as his sons failed to attend.

In 1271, Robert obtained the hand of Marjorie of Carrick, the young widowed heiress of Niall of Carrick, 2nd Earl of Carrick for his son, also called Robert de Brus.

Robert Bruce was Regent of Scotland some time during minority of his second cousin King Alexander III of Scotland (1241-1286) and was occasionally recognised as a Tanist of the Scottish throne. He was the closest surviving male relative to the king: Margaret of Huntingdon's issue were all females up until birth of Hugh Balliol sometime in the 1260s. When Alexander yet was childless, he was officially named as heir-presumptive, but never gained the throne as Alexander managed to beget three children. The succession in the main line of the House of Dunkeld became highly precarious when towards the end of Alexander's reign, all three of his children died within a few years. The middle-aged Alexander III induced in 1284 the Estates to recognise as his heir-presumptive his granddaughter Margaret, called the "Maid of Norway", his only surviving descendant. The need for a male heir led Alexander to contract a second marriage to Yolande de Dreux on 1 November 1285. All this was eventually in vain. Alexander died suddenly, in a fall from his horse, when only 45 years old, in 1286. His death ushered in a time of political upheaval for Scotland. His three-year old granddaughter Margaret, who lived in Norway, was recognised as his successor. However, the then 7-year old heiress Margaret died, travelling towards her kingdom, on the Orkney Islands around 26 September 1290. With her death, the main royal line came to an end and thirteen claimants asserted their rights to the Scottish Throne.

The Great Cause:

After this extinction of the senior line of the Scottish royal house (the line of William I of Scotland) David of Huntingdon's descendants were the primary candidates for the throne. The two most notable claimants to the throne, John Balliol and Robert himself represented descent through David's daughters Margaret and Isobel respectively.

Robert Bruce pleaded tanistry and proximity of blood in the succession dispute. He descended from the second daughter of David of Huntingdon, whereas John Balliol descended from the eldest, and thus had the lineal right. However, Robert was a second cousin of kings of Scotland and descended in 4th generation from King David I of Scotland, whereas John Balliol was a third cousin of kings and descended in 5th generation from King David I, the most recent common ancestor who had been Scottish king. The ensuing 'Great Cause' was concluded in 1292. It gave the Crown of Scotland to his family's great rival, John Balliol. The events took place as follows:

Soon after the death of young queen Margaret, Robert Bruce raised a body of men with the help of the Earls of Mar and Atholl and marched to Perth with a considerable following and uncertain intentions. Bishop Fraser of St. Andrews, worried of the possibility of civil war, wrote to Edward, asking for his assistance in choosing a new monarch.

Edward took this chance to demand sasine of the Scottish royal estate, but agreed to pass judgment in return for recognition of his suzerainty. The guardians of Scotland denied him this, but Robert Bruce was quick to pay homage. All the claimants swore oaths of homage, and John Balliol was the last to do so. The guardians were forced to concede and were thus reinstated by Edward.

Judgment processed slowly. On 3 August 1291 Edward asked both Balliol and Bruce to choose forty auditors while he himself chose twenty-four, to decide the case. After considering all of the arguments, in early November the court decided in favour of John Balliol, having the superior claim in feudal law, not to mention greater support from the kingdom of Scotland. In accordance with this, final judgement was given by Edward on 17 November. On 30 November, John Balliol was crowned as King of Scots at Scone Abbey. On 26 December, at Newcastle upon Tyne, King John swore homage to Edward I for the kingdom of Scotland. Edward soon made it clear that he regarded the country as his vassal state. The Bruce family thus lost what they regarded as their rightful place on the Scottish throne.

Later years:

Robert, 5th Lord of Annandale resigned the lordship of Annandale and his claim to the throne to his eldest son Robert de Brus. Shortly afterwards, in 1292, the younger Robert's wife Marjorie of Carrick died and the earldom of Carrick, which Robert had ruled jure uxoris, devolved upon their eldest son, also called Robert, the future King.

In 1292, Robert V de Brus held a market at Ireby, Cumberland, in right of his wife. The following year he had a market at Hartlepool, county Durham within the liberties of the Bishop of Durham.

Sir Robert de Brus died at Lochmaben Castle and was buried at Guisborough or Gisburn Priory in Cleveland.

Family and children:

He married firstly on 12 May 1240 Lady Isabella de Clare (2 November 1226 - after 10 July 1264), daughter of Gilbert de Clare, 4th Earl of Hertford and 5th Earl of Gloucester and Lady Isabel Marshal, with issue:

Isabel de Brus (1249 - c. 1284), married (as his first wife) Sir John FitzMarmaduke, Knt., of Horden, Eighton, Lamesley, Ravensholm, and Silksworth, County Durham, Sheriff of North Durham, and Joint Warden[disambiguation needed] beyond the Scottish Sea between the Firth of Forth and Orkney. He fought on the English side at the Battle of Falkirk, 22 July 1298, and was present at the Siege of Caerlaverock Castle in 1300. In 1307 he was commanded to assist the Earl of Richmond in expelling Robert de Brus and the Scottish rebels from Galloway. In 1309 his armour and provisions in a vessel bound for Perth were arrested off Great Yarmouth. He was governor of St. John's Town (Perth) in 1310 until his death. Isabel was buried at Easington, County Durham.
Robert VI the Bruce, 6th Lord of Annandale, Earl of Carrick (1253-1304)
William de Brus, married Elizabeth de Sully, without issue
Sir Bernard de Bruce, of Connington, married firstly Alicia de Clare and married secondly Constance de Morleyn.
Richard de Brus (died ca. 26 January 1287), unmarried and without issue
Constance de Brus (born 1251, date of death unknown), married Sir William Scot de Calverley and had daughter, Clarissa Scott (m. Sir John Fairfax)

He married, secondly on 3 May 1275 at Hoddam, in the Diocese of Glasgow, Christina (died ca. 1305 or 1305), daughter and heiress of Sir William de Ireby, of Ireby, Cumberland. They had no issue.

From:(http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Robert_de_Brus,_5th_Lord_of_Annandale)

Buried:
Gisborough Priory

Died:
Lochmaben Castle

Robert married Isabella De Clare 12 May 1240. Isabella (daughter of Gilbert De Clare, daughter of Gilbert De Clare and Isabel Marshal) was born 2 Nov 1226; died Aft 10 Jul 1264. [Group Sheet]

1. Robert De Brus, VI was born Jul 1243, Writtle, Essex, England; died Bef 4 Mar 1304; was buried , Cumberland, England.
2. Isabel De Brus was born 1249; died Abt 1284.
3. Constance De Brus was born 1251.
4. William De Brus
5. Bernard De Brus
6. Richard De Brus died Abt 26 Jan 1287.

Robert — Christina De Ireby. [Group Sheet]

Other Events:

• Reference Number: 2212

Notes:

Robert IV de Brus, the Noble (ca. 1195 - 1226-1233) was a 13th century 4th Lord of Annandale.

He was the son of William de Brus, 3rd Lord of Annandale and Christina or Beatrice de Teyden.

Robert IV married ca. 1219 Isabella, the second daughter of David of Scotland, 8th Earl of Huntingdon, by which marriage he acquired the manors of Writtle and Hatfield Broadoak, Essex in England. They had his heir and successor, and a daughter:

Robert V de Brus.
Beatrice de Brus, married Hugh de Neville.

He died sometime between 1226 and 1233, and was buried in Gisborough Priory or in Saltre Abbey, near Stilton, Gloucestershire.

From:(http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Robert_Bruce,_4th_Lord_of_Annandale)

Buried:
Gisborough Priory

Robert — Isabella of Huntingdon. Isabella (daughter of David of Scotland and Matilda of Chester) was born Abt 1206; died Abt 1251. [Group Sheet]

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• Name: Isobel
• Reference Number: 7644

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• Reference Number: 2338

Notes:

William de Brus, 3rd Lord of Annandale (died 16 July 1212) was the second but eldest surviving son of Robert de Brus, 2nd Lord of Annandale.

His elder brother, Robert III de Brus, predeceased their father and never held the lordship of Annandale. William de Brus thus succeeded his father when the latter died in 1194.

William de Brus possessed large estates in the north of England. He obtained from King John, the grant of a weekly market at Hartlepool, and granted lands to the canons of Gisburn. Very little else is known about William's activities. He makes a few appearances in the English government records and witnessed a charter of King William of Scotland.

He married a woman called Beatrice de Teyden, and had by her at least two sons:

Robert (his successor)
William

From:(http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/William_de_Brus,_3rd_Lord_of_Annandale)

William — Beatrice De Teyden. [Group Sheet]

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• Reference Number: 13860

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• Reference Number: 10623

Notes:

David of Scotland (c. 1144 - 17 June 1219) was a Scottish prince and Earl of Huntingdon. He was a claimant to the Scottish throne.

Life:

He was the youngest surviving son of Henry of Scotland, 3rd Earl of Huntingdon and Ada de Warenne, a daughter of William de Warenne, 2nd Earl of Surrey, and Elizabeth of Vermandois. His paternal grandfather was David I of Scotland. Huntingdon was granted to him after his elder brother William I of Scotland ascended the throne. David's son John succeeded him to the earldom.

In the litigation for succession to the crown of Scotland in 1290-1292, the great-great-grandson Floris V, Count of Holland of David's sister, Ada, claimed that David had renounced his hereditary rights to the throne of Scotland. He therefore declared that his claim to the throne had priority over David's descendants. However, no explanation or firm evidence for the supposed renounciation could be provided.

On 26 August 1190 David married Matilda of Chester, daughter of Hugh de Kevelioc, 3rd Earl of Chester. He was almost thirty years Matilda's senior. The marriage was recorded by Benedict of Peterborough.

David and Matilda had seven children:

Margaret of Huntingdon (c. 1194 - c. 1228), married Alan, Lord of Galloway, by whom she had two daughters, including Dervorguilla of Galloway.
Robert of Huntingdon (died young)
Ada of Huntingdon, married Sir Henry de Hastings, by whom she had one son, Henry de Hastings, 1st Baron Hastings.
Matilda (Maud) of Huntingdon (-aft.1219, unmarried)
Isobel of Huntingdon (1199-1251), married Robert Bruce, 4th Lord of Annandale, by whom she had two sons, including Robert de Brus, 5th Lord of Annandale.
John of Scotland, Earl of Huntingdon (1207 - 6 June 1237), married Elen ferch Llywelyn. He succeeded his uncle Ranulf as Earl of Chester in 1232, but died childless.
Henry of Huntingdon (died young)

After the extinction of the senior line of the Scottish royal house in 1290, when the legitimate line of William the Lion of Scotland ended, David's descendants were the prime candidates for the throne. The two most notable claimants to the throne, Robert Bruce, 5th Lord of Annandale (grandfather of King Robert I of Scotland) and John of Scotland were his descendants through David's daughters Isobel and Margaret, respectively.

Robin Hood Connection?

David is a possible inspiration figure for the Robin Hood legend because the legend plays at the same time as David lived in the 1190s. Another similarity is the Earl of Huntingdon question, because a historian names Robin Hood as a possible Earl of that area. Also both had taken part in the Third Crusade and by 1194 David had taken part at the siege of Nottingham Castle where the High Sheriff of Nottinghamshire and Derby County was taken captive. His son Robert who died young was also a possible inspiration for Robin Hood.

From:(http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/David_of_Scotland,_8th_Earl_of_Huntingdon)

David married Matilda of Chester 26 Aug 1190, Scotland. Matilda (daughter of Hugh De Kevelioc and Bertrade De Montfort) was born 1171, Chester, Cheshire, England; died 6 Jan 1233. [Group Sheet]

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• Name: Maud de Kevelioc
• Reference Number: 8275

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• Name: the Cadet
• Reference Number: 37218

Notes:

Robert II de Brus, le Meschin (the Cadet) (fl. 1138, died ca. 1189 or 1194), was a 12th century Norman noble and 2nd Lord of Annandale. He was the son, perhaps the second son, of Robert de Brus, 1st Lord of Annandale.

The elder de Brus' allegiances were compromised when David I invaded England in the later 1130s, and he had renounced his fealty to David before the Battle of the Standard in 1138. The younger Robert however remained loyal and took over his father's land in Scotland, whilst the English territories remained with the elder Robert and passed to the latter's elder son Adam. Bruce family tradition has it that Robert II was captured by his father at the battle and given over to King Stephen of England.

A legend tells that in the 1140s, Robert II was visited at Annan by St Malachy. St Malachy asked Robert to pardon a thief, but Robert hung him anyway, and for this the River Annan destroyed part of his castle and the de Brus line received a curse from the holy man. Robert made Lochmaben the centre of his lordship and constructed a new caput there.

He married Euphemia, a daughter of Ingleram de Aumale, whose father was Stephen, Count of Aumale. They had five known children:

Robert (d. 1191), eldest son
William (d. 1212)
Bernard
Agatha
Euphemia

Robert was buried at Gisborough Priory in the North Riding, Yorkshire, England, a monastery founded by his father Robert I de Brus. As his eldest son, Robert, predeceased him, he was succeeded by his second son William.

Buried:
Gisborough Priory

Robert — Euphemia. [Group Sheet]

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• Reference Number: 37219

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• Reference Number: 13861

Paulinus — Beatrice De Evermure. [Group Sheet]

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• Reference Number: 4641

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• Reference Number: 10591

Notes:

Henry of Scotland (Eanric mac Dabíd) (1114 - 12 June 1152) was a Prince of Scotland, heir-apparent to the Kingdom of Alba. He was also the 3rd Earl of Northumberland and the 3rd Earl of the Honour of Huntingdon and Northampton.

He was the son of King David I of Scotland and Maud, 2nd Countess of Huntingdon. His maternal grandparents were Waltheof, Earl of Northumbria and Huntingdon, (beheaded 1075) and his spouse Judith of Lens.

Henry was named after his uncle, King Henry I of England who had married his paternal aunt Edith of Scotland (the name Edith gallicised as Matilda after becoming Queen consort in 1100). He had three sons, two of whom became King of Scotland, and a third whose descendants were to prove critical in the later days of the Scottish royal house. He also had three daughters.

His eldest son became King of Scots as Malcolm IV in 1153. Henry's second son became king in 1165 on the death of his brother, reigning as William I. Both in their turn inherited the title of Earl of Huntingdon. His third son, David also became Earl of Huntingdon. It is from the 8th Earl that all Kings of Scotland after Margaret, Maid of Norway claim descent.

On Henry's death, the Earldom passed to his half-brother Simon II de Senlis.

Family:

Henry married Ada de Warenne, the daughter of William de Warenne, 2nd Earl of Surrey (died 1138), and Elizabeth of Vermandois, daughter of Hugh of Vermandois, The Great.

Ada of Huntingdon (1139-1206), married in 1161, Floris III, Count of Holland.
Margaret of Huntingdon (1145-1201)
Malcolm IV of Scotland.
William I of Scotland.
David of Scotland, 8th Earl of Huntingdon.
Matilda of Huntingdon, born and died 1152.
Marjorie of Huntingdon, married Gille Críst, Earl of Angus.

From:(http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Henry_of_Scotland,_3rd_Earl_of_Huntingdon)

Henry — Ada De Warenne. [Group Sheet]

Other Events:

• Reference Number: 37243

Other Events:

• Reference Number: 37263

Notes:

Hugh de Kevelioc, 6th Earl of Chester married Bertred, daughter of Simon, Earl of Evereux, in Normandy.

Hugh was a witness where Countess of Huntindon, Maud de Meschines daughter and in her issue co-heir of Hugh de Kevilioc, Earl of Chester. Hugh was the successor of Ranulph de Gernon, 5th Earl of Chester; Viscount of Avranches. He was born in 1147 at Kevelioc, Merionethshire, Wales. He was the son of Ranulph de Gernon, 5th Earl of Chester and Maud of Gloucester. Hugh was Viscount of Avranches at Normandy, France, between 1153 and 1181 and 6th Earl of Chester at England between 1153 and 1181.

Hugh associated with N. N. (?) circa 1167 either first wife or a mistress?He married Bertrade de Montfort, daughter of Simon III de Montfort, comte de Évreux and Maud, in 1169 at Montfort, Normandy, France.

The Great Rebellion: Henry II versus his heir, Henry "the Young King", his two older brothers, the Earl of Leicester, the King of Scots, the King of France, and the Count of Flanders.

Hugh joined in the rebellion of the Earl of Leicester and the King of Scots against King Henry II, and in support of the monarch's son, Prince Henry, and taken prisoner, along with the Earl, at Alnwick in 1172/73. He was deprived of his earldom between July 1174 and January 1177. He rebelled against the king yet again, and was again pardoned and restored to his lands in 1176/77. He was restored to his earldom in January 1177. He died in 1181 at midsummer, Leek, Staffordshire, England, at age 34 years.

Hugh was the predecessor of Ranulph de Blundevil, 7th Earl of Chester; Viscount of Avranches.


http://homepages.rootsweb.ancestry.com/~cousin/html/p376.htm#i6940

Hugh — Bertrade De Montfort. [Group Sheet]

Other Events:

• Reference Number: 37264