Notes
Matches 10,351 to 10,400 of 10,692
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| 10351 | William Douglas, 2nd Earl of Angus was the son of George Douglas, 1st Earl of Angus and Lady Mary Stewart. He was born circa 1398. He married Margaret Hay, daughter of Sir William Hay and Alice (?), on 3 December 1414. He and Margaret Hay were engaged on 12 December 1410. He died in October 1437. He succeeded to the title of 2nd Earl of Angus in 1402. In 1423 he was one of the negotiators for the release of King James I. He held the office of Ambassador to England in 1430. He held the office of Warden of the Middle Marches in 1433. He fought in the Battle of Piperdon on 10 September 1436, where he defeated the English. | Douglas, 2nd Earl of Angus William (I4263)
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| 10352 | William Douglas, 4th Baron of Drumlanrig was the son of William Douglas, 3rd Baron of Drumlanrig and Margaret Carlyle. He was born before 1464. He died on 22 July 1484 at Kirtie, killed in action. He gained the title of 4th Baron of Drumlanrig. He fought in the Battle of Kirtie on 22 July 1484. | Douglas, 4th Baron of Drumlanrig William (I4283)
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| 10353 | WILLIAM DOUGLAS, tenth Earl, who became a Roman Catholic, and, in conjunction with the Earls of Errol and Huntly, disturbed the peace of the country and perilled its safety by their treasonable intrigues with the King of Spain. They were implicated in the conspiracy of the ‘Spanish Blanks,' as it was called in consequence of certain blank sheets of paper, having at the bottom the seals and signatures of the Popish lords, being found in the possession of George Kerr, a brother of the Abbot of Newbattle, who was about to proceed on a secret mission to Spain. Kerr, on being put to the torture, confessed the whole affair. It appears that the King of Spain was to land an army of thirty thousand men on the west coast of Scotland, where they were to be joined by the Popish lords with all the forces they could muster. Fifteen thousand of the Spanish troops were to march across the Border and assist in raising an insurrection in England, while the remainder, with the assistance of the Romish faction, were to overthrow the Protestant Church in Scotland. This nefarious plot against the independence of the country and the national religion was repeatedly renewed by the three Popish lords; but James, who was unwilling to proceed to extremities against them, contrived to delay the infliction of the punishment which their crime deserved. The lenity shown by the King seemed only to embolden them to open resistance against the royal authority. They were at length declared guilty of high treason, and excommunicated as obstinate Papists, their estates and honours were forfeited, and a commission was given to the young Earl of Argyll to pursue them with fire and sword. Huntly and Errol collected their retainers, and, after a stubborn conflict, defeated the royal forces at a place called Glenlivet, 3rd October, 1594. The King, indignant and alarmed at this disaster, marched at the head of a powerful army to the north, and laid waste the estates of the insurgents and destroyed their strongholds. Angus was not present at the battle of Glenlivet, but he shared the fate of his associates, and implored the King's permission to leave the kingdom, which was granted on condition that he would not return without the royal sanction, nor during his exile make any attempt to injure the Protestant religion or the peace and liberties of his native country. He returned secretly in 1595 and was suffered to remain in Scotland on giving assurance that he would henceforth conduct himself like a loyal and peaceful subject. In the following year he was formally ‘released' from the bond, and in 1597, along with Huntly and Errol, was publicly absolved from his excommunication and reconciled to the Kirk at Aberdeen, in the presence of a great assembly of persons of all ranks. He subsequently retired to the Continent, and died at Paris, 3rd March, 1611, in the fifty-seventh year of his age. | Douglas, 10th Earl of Angus William (I4265)
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| 10354 | William Ernest Floyd Thompson was born 23 September 1881 in Lamar, Barton County, Missouri. About 1886 his parents moved to Chariton County, Missouri to the Westville community. On 30 October 1906 he married Viola Mae Graves with Reverend Alexandra officiating. Viola was born 7 July 1890 and was the daughter of Thomas Graves and Tina Brooks. They lived in Mike, Missouri. William and Viola lived on a farm in Westville across the road from his parents. All of their children were born at this farm. After the birth of their last child, Dolores, they moved to a farm near Rothville, Missouri; and then they moved to a large farm northeast of Salisbury, Missouri. Later they retired and lived in Salisbury. Besides farming, William was a carpenter. William died at his home in Salisbury on 6 January 1967 and the services were held at the Salisbury Methodist Church on 8 January 1967. He died from a stroke. Viola died at her home in Salisbury on 15 July 1968 and her funeral services were also held at the Salisbury Methodist Church. They are both buried at the Salisbury City Cemetery in Salisbury, Missouri. | Thompson, William Ernest Floyd (I14125)
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| 10355 | William fitz Patrick, 2nd Earl of Salisbury (AKA William de Évreux) was the successor of Patrick de Salisbury, 1st Earl of Wiltshire. William was born in 1150 at Salisbury, Wiltshire, England. He was the son of Patrick de Salisbury and Hele d'Alençon. William married Eleanor de Vitré, daughter of Robert III de Vitré and Emma de Dinan, circa 1190. William died in 1196 at age 46 years. | Fitzpatrick, 2nd Earl of Salisbury William (I11004)
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| 10356 | William Halbert Jr. was granted 1292 acres in Laurens Dist., SC. on Durbin's Creek, a branch of the Enroee River. Being unsuccessful in farming and milling, he sold his property in SC. and took up residence for a short time in Ga. After living in Ga. for only a couple of years, he and all of his children, except Harriet and Hannah moved to Mo. near William's older brother James Ira Halbert Sr. in Meremac Twp., Crawford Co., Mo. At this time nothing further is known about the families of either of his wives, but there is strong evidence that Elizabeth was related to the Peter Bowen family of SC. Several Halbert members married into this family and his descendants are found almost everwhere the Halberts settled. | Halbert, William Anson (I5880)
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| 10357 | William I (c. 950 - 993, after 29 August), called the Liberator, was Count of Provence from 968 to his abdication. In 975 or 979, he took the title of marchio or margrave. He is often considered the founder of the county of Provence. He and his elder brother Rotbold II, sons of Boso II of Arles and Constance of Viennois, daughter of Charles-Constantine, both carried the title of comes or count concurrently, but it is unknown if they were joint-counts of the whole of Provence or if the region was divided. His brother never bore any other title than count so long as William lived, so the latter seems to have attained a certain supremacy. In 980, he was installed as Count of Arles. His sobriquet comes from his victories against the Saracens by which he liberated Provence from their threat, which had been constant since the establishment of a base at Fraxinet. At the Battle of Tourtour in 973, with the assistance of the counts of the High Alps and the viscounts of Marseille and Fos, he definitively routed the Saracens, chasing them forever from Provence. He reorganised the region east of the Rhône, which he conquered from the Saracens and which had been given him as a gift from King Conrad of Burgundy. Also by royal consent, he and his descendants controlled the fisc in Provence. With Isarn, Bishop of Grenoble, he repopulated Dauphiné and settled an Italian count named Ugo Blavia near Fréjus in 970 in order to bring that land back to cultivation. For all this, he figures prominently in Ralph Glaber's chronicle with the title of dux and he appears in a charter of 992 as pater patriae. He donated land to Cluny and retired to become a monk, dying at Avignon, where he was buried in the church of Saint-Croix at Sarrians. He was succeeded as margrave by his brother. His great principality began to diminish soon after his death as the castles of his vassals, which he had kept carefully under ducal control, soon became allods of their possessors. Marriage and issue: He married 1st Arsenda, daughter of Arnold of Comminges and their son was: William II of Provence He married 2nd (against papal advice) in 984, Adelaide of Anjou, daughter of Fulk II of Anjou and Gerberga of Maine, and their daughter was: Constance of Arles (973 - 1034), married Robert II of France | Provence, Count of Provence William I of (I15903)
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| 10358 | William I (c.?1028 - 9 September 1087), also known as William the Conqueror (Guillaume le Conquérant), was the first Norman King of England from Christmas 1066 until his death. He was also Duke of Normandy from 3 July 1035 until his death, under the name William II. Before his conquest of England, he was known as William the Bastard because of the illegitimacy of his birth. To press his claim to the English crown, William invaded England in 1066, leading an army of Normans, Bretons, Flemings, and Frenchmen (from Paris and Île-de-France) to victory over the English forces of King Harold Godwinson at the Battle of Hastings, and suppressed subsequent English revolts in what has become known as the Norman Conquest. William of Malmesbury, the foremost historian of the day, reported of William: "He was of just stature, extraordinary corpulence, fierce countenance; his forehead bare of hair; of such strength of arm that it was often a matter of surprise that no one was able to draw his bow, which he himself could bend when his horse was on full gallop; he was majestic whether sitting or standing, although the protuberance of his belly deformed his royal person: of excellent health so that he was never confined with any dangerous disorder except at the last." His heavy taxes, together with the exactions of the greedy Norman landlords he put in power, reduced the great mass of Anglo-Saxon freemen to serfdom. By 1086, the Domesday Book showed that England comprised 12% freeholders; 35% serfs or villeins: 30% cotters and borders; and 9% slaves.[4] William was one of the foremost soldiers of the medieval era, conquering a large kingdom from a smaller base. Most important, William created a feudal state that brought order, peace, law to England, promoted commerce, and created a strong central government that long endured. His reign, which imposed Norman culture and leadership on England, reshaped England in the Middle Ages. The details of that impact and the extent of the changes have been debated by scholars for centuries. In addition to the obvious change of ruler, his reign also saw a programme of building and fortification, changes to the English language, a shift in the upper levels of society and the church, and adoption of some aspects of continental church reform. William was born in either 1027 or 1028 in Château de Falaise in Falaise, Normandy, France, and more likely in the autumn of the later year. William was the only son of Robert I, Duke of Normandy, as well as the grandnephew of the English Queen, Emma of Normandy, wife of King Ethelred the Unready and then of King Canute the Great. Though illegitimate, his father named him as heir to Normandy. His mother, Herleva, who later married and bore two sons to Herluin de Conteville, was the daughter of Fulbert of Falaise. In addition to his two half-brothers, Odo of Bayeux and Robert, Count of Mortain, William also had a sister, Adelaide of Normandy, another child of Robert. William's illegitimacy affected his early life. As a child, his life was in constant danger from his kinsmen who thought they had a more legitimate right to rule. One attempt on William's life occurred while he slept at a castle keep at Vaudreuil, when the murderer mistakenly stabbed the child sleeping next to William. Nevertheless, when his father died, he was recognised as the heir. Later in his life, his enemies are reported to have called him "William the Bastard"-a title which William had no problems with--but when residents of besieged Alençon also derided him as the son of a tanner's daughter and hung animal skins from the city walls to taunt him, William had their right hands chopped off. By his father's will, William succeeded him as Duke of Normandy at age seven in 1035. Plots by rival Norman noblemen to usurp his place cost William three guardians, though not Count Alan III of Brittany, who was a later guardian. William was supported by King Henry I of France, however. He was knighted by Henry at age 15. By the time William turned 19 he was successfully dealing with threats of rebellion and invasion. With the assistance of Henry, William finally secured control of Normandy by defeating rebel Norman barons at Caen in the Battle of Val-ès-Dunes in 1047, obtaining the Truce of God, which was backed by the Roman Catholic Church. Against the wishes of Pope Leo IX, William married Matilda of Flanders in 1053 in the Notre-Dame chapel of Eu castle, Normandy (Seine-Maritime). At the time, William was about 24 years old and Matilda was 22. William is said to have been a faithful and loving husband, and their marriage produced four sons and six daughters. In repentance for what was a consanguine marriage (they were distant cousins), William donated St Stephen's Church (l'Abbaye-aux-Hommes) and Matilda donated Holy Trinity church (l'Abbaye aux Dames). Feeling threatened by the increase in Norman power resulting from William's noble marriage, Henry I of France attempted to invade Normandy twice (1054 and 1057), without success. Already a charismatic leader, William attracted strong support within Normandy, including the loyalty of his half-brothers Odo of Bayeux and Robert, Count of Mortain, who played significant roles in his life. Later, he benefited from the weakening of two competing power centres as a result of the deaths of Henry I and of Geoffrey II of Anjou, in 1060. In 1062 William invaded and took control of the county of Maine, which had been a fief of Anjou. Upon the death of the childless Edward the Confessor, the English throne was fiercely disputed by three claimants-William; Harold Godwinson, the powerful Earl of Wessex; and the Viking King Harald III of Norway, known as Harald Hardrada. William had a tenuous blood claim through his great aunt Emma (wife of Ethelred and mother of Edward). William also contended that Edward, who had spent much of his life in exile in Normandy during the Danish occupation of England, had promised him the throne when he visited Edward in London in 1052. Further, William claimed that Harold had pledged allegiance to him in 1064: William had rescued the shipwrecked Harold from the count of Ponthieu, and together they had defeated Conan II, Duke of Brittany. On that occasion, William had knighted Harold; he had also, however, deceived Harold by having him swear loyalty to William himself over the concealed bones of a saint. In January 1066, however, in accordance with Edward's last will and by vote of the Witenagemot, Harold Godwinson was crowned King by Archbishop Aldred. Invasion of England: Meanwhile, William submitted his claim to the English throne to Pope Alexander II, who sent him a consecrated banner in support. Then, William organised a council of war at Lillebonne and in January openly began assembling an army in Normandy. Offering promises of English lands and titles, he amassed at Dives-sur-Mer a huge invasion fleet, supposedly of 696 ships. This carried an invasion force which included, in addition to troops from William's own territories of Normandy and Maine, large numbers of mercenaries, allies and volunteers from Brittany, north-eastern France and Flanders, together with smaller numbers from other parts of France and from the Norman colonies in southern Italy. In England, Harold assembled a large army on the south coast and a fleet of ships to guard the English Channel. Fortuitously for William, his crossing was delayed by eight months of unfavourable winds. William managed to keep his army together during the wait, but Harold's was diminished by dwindling supplies and falling morale. With the arrival of the harvest season, he disbanded his army on 8 September. Harold also consolidated his ships in London, leaving the English Channel unguarded. Then came the news that the other contender for the throne, Harald III of Norway, allied with Tostig Godwinson, had landed ten miles (16 km) from York. Harold again raised his army and after a four-day forced march defeated Harald and Tostig on 25 September. On 12 September the wind direction turned and William's fleet sailed. A storm blew up and the fleet was forced to take shelter at Saint-Valery-sur-Somme and again wait for the wind to change. On 27 September the Norman fleet finally set sail, landing in England at Pevensey Bay (Sussex) on 28 September. William then moved to Hastings, a few miles to the east, where he built a prefabricated wooden castle for a base of operations. From there, he ravaged the hinterland and waited for Harold's return from the north. William chose Hastings as it was at the end of a long peninsula flanked by impassable marshes. The battle was on the isthmus. William at once built a fort at Hastings to guard his rear against potential arrival of Harold's fleet from London. Having landed his army, William was less concerned about desertion and could have waited out the winter storms, raided the surrounding area for horses and started a campaign in the spring. Harold had been reconnoitring the south of England for some time and well appreciated the need to occupy this isthmus at once. Battle of Hastings: Harold, after defeating his brother Tostig and Harald Hardrada in the north, marched his army 241 mi (388 km) in 5 days to meet the invading William in the south. On 13 October, William received news of Harold's march from London. At dawn the next day, William left the castle with his army and advanced towards the enemy. Harold had taken a defensive position at the top of Senlac Hill/Senlac ridge (present-day Battle, East Sussex), about seven miles (11 km) from Hastings. The Battle of Hastings lasted all day. Although the numbers on each side were about equal, William had both cavalry and infantry, including many archers, while Harold had only foot soldiers and few if any archers. Along the ridge's border, formed as a wall of shields, the English soldiers at first stood so effectively that William's army was thrown back with heavy casualties. Then William rallied his troops reportedly raising his helmet, as shown in the Bayeux Tapestry, to quell rumours of his death. Meanwhile, many of the English had pursued the fleeing Normans on foot, allowing the Norman cavalry to attack them repeatedly from the rear as his infantry pretended to retreat further. Norman arrows also took their toll, progressively weakening the English wall of shields. At dusk, the English army made their last stand. A final Norman cavalry attack decided the battle irrevocably when it resulted in the death of Harold who, legend says, was killed by an arrow in the eye, beheaded and bodily dismembered. Two of his brothers, Gyrth and Leofwine Godwinson, were killed as well. By nightfall, the Norman victory was complete and the remaining English soldiers fled in fear. Battles of the time rarely lasted more than two hours before the weaker side capitulated; that Hastings lasted nine hours indicates the determination of both William's and Harold's armies. Battles also ended at sundown regardless of who was winning. Harold was killed shortly before sunset and, as he would have received fresh reinforcements before the battle recommenced in the morning, he was assured of victory had he survived William's final cavalry attacks. March to London: For two weeks, William waited for a formal surrender of the English throne, but the Witenagemot proclaimed the young Edgar Ætheling King instead, though without coronation. Thus, William's next target was London, approaching through the important territories of Kent, via Dover and Canterbury, inspiring fear in the English. However, at London, William's advance was beaten back at London Bridge, and he decided to march westward and to storm London from the northwest. After receiving continental reinforcements, William crossed the Thames at Wallingford, and there he forced the surrender of Archbishop Stigand (one of Edgar's lead supporters), in early December. William reached Berkhamsted a few days later where Ætheling relinquished the English crown personally and the exhausted Saxon noblemen of England surrendered definitively. Although William was acclaimed then as English King, he requested a coronation in London. As William I, he was formally crowned on Christmas Day 1066 in Westminster Abbey, the first documented coronation held there, by Archbishop Aldred. The ceremony was not a peaceful one. When Aldred asked the congregation "Will you have this Prince to be your King", they answered with a great shout of agreement. The Norman guards stationed outside, believing the English were revolting, due to all the shouting, set fire to the neighbouring houses. A Norman monk later wrote "As the fire spread rapidly, the people in the church were thrown into confusion and crowds of them rushed outside, some to fight the flames, others to take the chance to go looting." English resistance: Although the south of England submitted quickly to Norman rule, resistance in the north continued for six more years until 1072. During the first two years, King William I suffered many revolts throughout England (Dover, western Mercia, Exeter). Also, in 1068, Harold's illegitimate sons attempted an invasion of the south-western peninsula, but William defeated them. For William I, the worst crisis came from Northumbria, which had still not submitted to his realm. In 1068, with Edgar Ætheling, both Mercia and Northumbria revolted. William could suppress these, but Edgar fled to Scotland where Malcolm III of Scotland protected him. Furthermore, Malcolm married Edgar's sister Margaret, with much éclat, stressing the English balance of power against William. Under such circumstances, Northumbria rebelled, besieging York. Then, Edgar resorted also to the Danes, who disembarked with a large fleet at Northumbria, claiming the English crown for their King Sweyn II. Scotland joined the rebellion as well. The rebels easily captured York and its castle. However, William could contain them at Lincoln. After dealing with a new wave of revolts at western Mercia, Exeter, Dorset, and Somerset, William defeated his northern foes decisively at the River Aire, retrieving York, while the Danish army swore to depart. William then devastated Northumbria between the Humber and Tees rivers, with what was described as the Harrying of the North. This devastation included setting fire to the vegetation, houses and even tools to work the fields. After this cruel treatment the land did not recover for more than 100 years. The region ended up absolutely deprived, losing its traditional autonomy towards England. It may, however, have stopped future rebellions, frightening the English into obedience. Then the Danish king disembarked in person, readying his army to restart the war, but William suppressed this threat with a payment of gold. In 1071, William defeated the last rebellion of the north through an improvised pontoon, subduing the Isle of Ely, where the Danes had gathered. In 1072, he invaded Scotland, defeating Malcolm, who had recently invaded the north of England. William and Malcolm agreed to a peace by signing the Treaty of Abernethy and Malcolm gave up his son Duncan as a hostage for the peace.[17] In 1074, Edgar Ætheling submitted definitively to William. In 1075, during William's absence, the Revolt of the Earls was confronted successfully by Odo. In 1080, William dispatched his half brothers Odo and Robert to storm Northumbria and Scotland, respectively. Eventually, the Pope protested that the Normans were mistreating the English people. Before quelling the rebellions, William had conciliated with the English church; however, he persecuted it ferociously afterwards. Reign in England: William spent much of his time (11 years, since 1072) in Normandy, ruling the islands through his writs. Nominally still a vassal state, owing its entire loyalty to the French king, Normandy arose suddenly as a powerful region, alarming the other French dukes who reacted by persistently attacking the duchy. William became focused on conquering Brittany, and the French King Philip I admonished him. A treaty was concluded after his aborted invasion of Brittany in 1076, and William betrothed Constance to the Breton Duke Hoel's son, the future Alan IV of Brittany. The wedding occurred only in 1086, after Alan's accession to the throne, and Constance died childless a few years later. William's elder son Robert, enraged by a prank of his brothers William and Henry, who had doused him with filthy water, undertook what became a large scale rebellion against his father's rule. Only with King Philip's additional military support was William able to confront Robert, who was then based in Flanders. During the battle of 1079, William was unhorsed and wounded by Robert, who lowered his sword only after recognising him. The embarrassed William returned to Rouen, abandoning the expedition. In 1080, Matilda reconciled both, and William restored Robert's inheritance. Odo caused trouble for William, too, and was imprisoned in 1082, losing his English estate and all his royal functions, but retaining his religious duties. In 1083, Matilda died, and William became more tyrannical over his realm. William initiated many major changes. He increased the function of the traditional English shires (autonomous administrative regions), which he brought under central control; he decreased the power of the earls by restricting them to one shire apiece. All administrative functions of his government remained fixed at specific English towns, except the court itself; they would progressively strengthen, and the English institutions became amongst the most sophisticated in Europe. In 1085, in order to ascertain the extent of his new dominions and to improve taxation, William commissioned all his counsellors for the compilation of the Domesday Book, which was published in 1086. The book was a survey of England's productive capacity similar to a modern census. William also ordered many castles, keeps, and mottes, among them the Tower of London's foundation (the White Tower), to be built throughout England. These ensured effectively that the many rebellions by the English people or his own followers did not succeed. His conquest also led to French (especially, but not only, the Norman French) replacing English as the language of the ruling classes for nearly 300 years. Whereas in 1066 fewer than 30% of property owners had non-English given names, by 1207 this had risen to more than 80%, with French names such as William, Robert and Richard most common. Furthermore, the original Anglo-Saxon culture of England became mingled with the Norman one; thus the Anglo-Norman culture came into being. William is said to have eliminated the native aristocracy in as little as four years. Systematically, he despoiled those English aristocrats who either opposed the Normans or died without issue. Thus, most English estates and titles of nobility were handed to the Norman noblemen. Many English aristocrats fled to Flanders and Scotland; others may have been sold into slavery overseas. Some escaped to join the Byzantine Empire's Varangian Guard, and went on to fight the Normans in Sicily. Although William initially allowed English lords to keep their lands if they offered submission, by 1070, the indigenous nobility had ceased to be an integral part of the English landscape, and by 1086, it maintained control of just 8% of its original land-holdings. More than 4,000 English lords had lost their lands and been replaced, with only two English lords of any significance surviving. However, to the new Norman noblemen, William handed the English parcels of land piecemeal, dispersing these widely, ensuring nobody would try conspiring against him without jeopardising their own estates within the still unstable post-invasion England. Effectively, this strengthened William's political stand as a monarch. The medieval chronicler William of Malmesbury says that the king also seized and depopulated many miles of land (36 parishes), turning it into the royal New Forest region to support his enthusiastic enjoyment of hunting. Modern historians, however, have come to the conclusion that the New Forest depopulation was greatly exaggerated. Most of the lands of the New Forest are poor agricultural lands, and archaeological and geographic studies have shown that the New Forest was likely sparsely settled when it was turned into a royal forest. In 1087 in France, William burned Mantes (30 mi [50 km] west of Paris), besieging the town. However, he fell off his horse, suffering fatal abdominal injuries from the saddle pommel. On his deathbed, William divided his succession for his sons, sparking strife between them. Despite William's reluctance, his combative elder son Robert received the Duchy of Normandy, as Robert II. William Rufus (his third son) was the next English king, as William II. William's youngest son Henry received 5,000 silver pounds, which would be earmarked to buy land.[22] He later became King Henry I of England after William II died without issue. While on his deathbed, William pardoned many of his political adversaries, including Odo. William died at age 59 at the Convent of St Gervais in Rouen, the chief city of Normandy, on 9 September 1087. William was buried in the Abbaye-aux-Hommes, which he had erected, in Caen, Normandy. It is said that Herluin, his stepfather, loyally bore his body to his grave. The original owner of the land on which the church was built claimed he had not been paid yet, demanding 60 shillings, which William's son Henry had to pay on the spot. In a most unregal postmortem, it was found that William's corpulent body would not fit in the stone sarcophagus as his body had bloated due to the warm weather and length of time that had passed since his death. A group of bishops applied pressure on the king's abdomen to force the body downward but the abdominal wall burst and drenched the king's coffin, releasing putrefaction gases into the church. William's grave is currently marked by a marble slab with a Latin inscription; the slab dates from the early 19th century. The grave was defiled twice, once during the French Wars of Religion, when his bones were scattered across the town of Caen, and again during the French Revolution. Following those events, only William's left femur, some skin particles and bone dust remain in the tomb. Legacy: William's conquest decisively changed English history in terms of customs culture, politics, economics and, most dramatically, the language itself.[26] As Duke of Normandy and King of England, William the Conqueror, divided his realm among his sons, but the lands were reunited under his son Henry, and his descendants acquired other territories through marriage or conquest and, at their height, these possessions would be known as the Angevin Empire. They included many lands in France, such as Normandy and Aquitaine, but the question of jurisdiction over these territories would be the cause of much conflict and bitter rivalry between England and France, which took up much of the Middle Ages. An example of William's legacy even in modern times can be seen on the Bayeux Memorial, a monument erected by Britain in the Normandy town of Bayeux to those killed in the Battle of Normandy during World War II. A Latin inscription on the memorial reads NOS A GULIELMO VICTI VICTORIS PATRIAM LIBERAVIMUS - freely translated, this reads "We, once conquered by William, have now set free the Conqueror's native land". The numbering scheme of the English (or British) Crown regards William as the Founder of the State of England. This explains, among other things, why King Edward I was "the First" even though he ruled long after the Anglo-Saxon King Edward the Confessor. Physical appearance: No authentic portrait of William has been found. Nonetheless, he was depicted as a man of fair stature with remarkably strong arms, "with which he could shoot a bow at full gallop". William showed a magnificent appearance, possessing a fierce countenance. He enjoyed excellent health until old age; nevertheless his noticeable corpulence in later life eventually increased so much that French King Philip I commented that William looked like a pregnant woman.[28] Examination of his femur, the only bone to survive when the rest of his remains were destroyed, showed he was approximately 5 feet 10 inches (1.78 m) tall, which was around 2 inches (5.1 cm) taller than the average for the 11th century.[29] He is depicted in the Bayeux Tapestry as being clean-shaven, as opposed to Harold and the English lords, who wore moustaches. | England, King of England William I of (I37276)
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| 10359 | William I Longsword (French: Guillaume Longue-Épée, Latin: Willermus Longa Spata, Scandinavian: Vilhjálmr Langaspjót) (893 - 17 December 942) was the second Duke of Normandy from his father's death until his own assassination. The title dux (duke) was not in use at the time and has been applied to early Norman rulers retroactively. William actually used the title comes (count). Biography: Little is known about his early years. He was born in Bayeux or Rouen to Rollo and his wife Poppa. All that is known of Poppa is that she was a Christian, and the daughter to Berengar of Rennes, the previous lord of Brittania Nova, which eventually became western Normandy. According to the William's planctus, he was baptised a Christian. William succeeded Rollo sometime around 927 and, early in his reign, faced a rebellion from Normans who felt he had become too Gallicised and also from Bretons. According to Orderic Vitalis, the leader was Riouf of Evreux. After putting down the rebellion, William attacked Brittany and ravaged the territory. Resistance to the Normans was led by Alan Wrybeard and Beranger but shortly ended with the Wrybeard fleeing to England and Beranger seeking reconciliation. However, it was not through invasion that he gained Breton territory but by politics, receiving Contentin and Avranchin as a gift from the Rudolph, King of France. In 935, William married Luitgarde, daughter of Herbert II of Vermandois whose dowry gave him the lands of Longueville, Coudres and Illiers l'Eveque. His expansion northwards, including the fortress of Montreuil brought him into conflict with Arnulf I of Flanders. The funerary monument of William Longsword in the cathedral of Rouen, France. The monument is from the XIVth century. In 939 William became involved in a war with Arnulf I of Flanders, which soon became intertwined with the other conflicts troubling the reign of Louis IV. It began with Herluin appealing to William for help to regain the castle of Montreuil from Arnulf. Losing the castle was a major setback in Arnulf's ambitions and William's part in it gained him a deadly enemy. He was ambushed and killed by followers of Arnulf on 17 December 942 at Picquigny on the Somme while at a meeting to settle their differences. By Sprota, a Breton captive and his concubine, he had a son Richard the Fearless, who succeeded him. | Normandy, 2nd Duke of Normandy William I of (I37317)
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| 10360 | William III (915 - 3 April 963), called Towhead (French: Tête d'étoupe, Latin: Caput Stupe) from the colour of his hair, was the "Count of the Duchy of Aquitaine" from 959 and Duke of Aquitaine from 962 to his death. He was also the Count of Poitou (as William I) from 935 and Count of Auvergne from 950. The primary sources for his reign are Ademar of Chabannes, Dudo of Saint-Quentin, and William of Jumièges. William was son of Ebalus Manzer and Emilienne. He was born in Poitiers. He claimed the Duchy of Aquitaine from his father's death, but the royal chancery did not recognise his ducal title until the year before his own death. Shortly after the death of King Rudolph in 936, he was constrained to forfeit some land to Hugh the Great by Louis IV. He did it with grace, but his relationship with Hugh thenceforward deteriorated. In 950, Hugh was reconciled with Louis and granted the duchies of Burgundy and Aquitaine. He tried to conquer Aquitaine with Louis's assistance, but William defeated them. Lothair, Louis's successor, feared the power of William. In August 955 he joined Hugh to besiege Poitiers, which resisted successfully. William, however, gave battle and was routed. After the death of Hugh, his son Hugh Capet was named duke of Aquitaine, but he never tried to take up his fief, as William reconciled with Lothair. He was given the abbey of Saint-Hilaire-le-Grand, which remained in his house after his death. He also built a library in the palace of Poitiers. He married Gerloc (renamed Adele), daughter of Rollo of Normandy. They had at least two children: Adelaide, who married Hugh Capet William, his successor in Aquitaine. He abdicated to the abbey of Saint-Cyprien in Poitiers and left the government to his son. | Aquitaine, Count of the Duchy of Aquitaine, Duke of Aquitaine William III of (I15812)
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| 10361 | William Joseph Thompson was born 19 April 1895 in Roanoke, Missouri. He first married Claire (Unknown). She died and he later married Margaret (Unknown) Young, who was once married to George H Young. Margaret and George had one son, George Young, who was killed in WWII. William Joseph “Joe” and Margaret had two sons, William Joseph “Billy” and Leo. “Joe” was a veteran of WWI (1914-1918). He lived most of his life in the Kansas City area. He at one time repaired watches and jewelry for Sears Roebuck. He also made clocks. Joe’s son, Billy Joe, had two children; Roland and Patricia. Joe’s wife was named Loretta. William and Margaret were divorced. | Thompson, William Joseph (I14127)
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| 10362 | William Kidd of Caroline Co., Virginia In the name of God Amen I William Kidd of the county of Caroline being of Sound, Sense and memory: Do order this to be my last Will and Testament. In manner and form following Viz.................. First, my desire is that all my just debts should be paid by my Executors hereafter mentioned ........... (Imprimis) I give to my son James Kidd, a certain tract or parcel of Land, formerly call�d Bins�s; and after his decease, to be Equally divided between his two sons William and Philip. Also a Negro man call�d George, that he has now in possession. (Item) I give to my son Thomas Kidd, a Negro Man call�d Ned, and five pounds to him and his heirs forever. (Item) I give to my son Edmund Kidd, a Negro Man call�d Armstead, to him and his heirs forever. (Item) I give to my Son Joel Kidd, a Negro Man call�d Ambrose, to him and his heirs forever. (Item) I give to my Son Philip Kidd, a Negro Man call�d Hill. Also a beast and good bed and furniture, To his and his heirs forever. (Item) I give to my son Willis Kidd, a Negro boy call�d Anderson and Twenty pounds cash, Also a beast and good bed and furniture. To him and his heirs for ever. (Item) I give to my son Walker Kidd, a Negro boy call�d Caleb and ten pounds Cash. Also a beast and good bed and furniture; To him & his heirs for ever. (Item) I give to my son John Kidd, a Negro Woman call�d little Janey, and her son call�s Caleb: That he has now in possession (with the afore said Janey�s Increase) To him and his heirs forever. [1/2 line of test to faint to read.] (Item) I give to my Daughter Elizabeth Motley, a Negro Man call�d Lawney, that she has now in possession. To her and her heirs for ever. (Item) I give to my Daughter Fanny Jones a Negro Women call�d Frank and her Daughter call�d Patience (and their Increase) during my Daughter�s natural life. And then to her children for ever. (Item) I give to my Daughter Polley Kidd, a Negro Girl call�s Debbie? And a Negro Boy call�d Matthew. (With the Girl�s Increase.) Also a good Feather bed and Furniture, To her and her heirs for ever. (Item) I give to my Grandson----- Henry Kidd, a Negro Girl call�d little Rachel. And a beast and Saddle; Also fifty pounds in cash (U C.) If my Grandson Henry makes no interruption Respecting a Negro Girl call�d Patty, that I sold to satisfy a Security Debt of Said Henry�s Father. Also a bed and furniture. I give to my Grandson Henry. (Item) I Lend to my beloved Wife Mary Kidd; All that part of my Land lying below the Establish�d Road that now Runs through my Plantation. Thence from the said Road down to Beverly Run (will all improvements there belonging. Also a Negro Man call�d Sam: A Negro Women call�d big Rachel, a Negro Woman call�d Yellow Janey, another call�d Anicay And a girl call�d Silvey and a boy call�d Moses. During her natural life (or so long as she continues my Widow.) After that period, my personable Estate lent her to be Equally divided amongst all my children except my son John . And my Real Estate lent her to be Equally divided amongst all my children Except James and John Kidd ----- The balances of my Land (Except what I have given to my Son James) lying above the afore mentioned. Establish�d Road (After my Decease) is be Equally divided amongst all my children, Except the afore mentioned James and John Kidd. All my personables Estate Except what I have lent my wife to be Equally Divided among all my children except my son John Kidd (After my Death). Lastly I appoint my Son James Kidd and Thomas and Joel, Willis and Philip and Walker Kidd, Executors of this my above Mentioned Will and Testament. All wherever I have get my hand and affixed my Seal. This tenth day of Feby Eighteen hundred and one. Sign�d, Seal�d and deliver�d in presence of --} George Sales William Stuart William Kidd (seal) At a Court held for Caroline County on the 12th day of October 1802. This writing purporting to be the will of Wm Kidd dec�d. Was presented to the Court for probate on hearing the Testimony of George Sale one of the subscribing witnesses and of Walker Kidd that certain erasures were made in the said Will since the execution thereof, the Court is of opinion that the said Will ought to be proved and admitted to Records. Teste Wm. Wesson, Clk. h t t p://www.geocities.com/Heartland/Meadows/9710/Kiddwills/Wmkidcarol.html For other Kidd Wills go here http://www.geocities.com/Heartland/Meadows/9710/Willsindex.html | Kidd, William (I8293)
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| 10363 | William Laffayette (or Laffeete) Thompson was born April 2, 1827 in Virginia. On 28 June 1849 he married Nancy Elizabeth Johnston, daughter of Robert C. Johnston and Mary Ann Prewitt. Nancy was born May 1828 near Columbia, Boone County, Missouri. Nancy passed away on August 26, 1882 and is buried in Roanoke Cemetery, Roanoke, Missouri. William remarried after the death of Nancy to Georgeann Padgett on 9 April 1885. William was 58 and Georgeann was under 18 (according to the marriage license). They had a son, Charles (Charlie) Thompson. William and Georgeann divorced and she remarried. William then remarried a third time to Ada Mott. They were married 23 May 1894. William was 67 and she was 19. They had three children: William Joseph (Joe), Margaret Louisa and Morgan. William and Ada divorced in October 1911. She died in 1928 and is buried in Roanoke Cemetery at Roanoke, Missouri. From history handed down, William L Thompson owned land near Roanoke, Missouri in Randolph County and was considered financially well-to-do. He died 27 June 1912 at 9:30 am of sunstroke. He is also buried in Roanoke Cemetery. Will of William L. Thompson I, William L. Thompson, of Roanoke, Missouri, being of sound mind and disposing memory, over the age of twenty one year’s do make, publish and declare this to be my last will, hereby expressly revoking all former Wills by me at any time made. 1st, I will and direct that my body be buried in the cemetery at Roanoke, Missouri, but leave all the details to those who survive me. 2nd, I will and direct that all my just debts including funeral expenses of last sickness, be paid by my executor, hereinafter named, as soon as the same may be conveniently done after my decease. 3rd, In consideration of the kindness, care and attention bestowed upon me by my daughter, Martha A. Powell since the first of October 1910, I will and direct that she be paid a reasonable compensation for such service, provided she shall make any charge therefore, unless I shall settle with her before my decease and take a receipt from her for such services. 4th, To my son, Joe Thompson, I give and bequeath the sum of One Dollar. 5th, To my daughter, Louisa Thompson, I give and bequeath the sum of One Hundred Dollars. 6th, All the rest and residue of my property left after the payment of my debts and the bequests above named, I give, devise and bequeath to my children, William David Thompson, James Mosby Thompson, Martha Ann Powell, Mary Elizabeth Powell and Charles Thompson, in equal portions, share and share alike, in fee simple forever. 7th, I hereby nominate and appoint my friend James L. Hawkinson, who has stood by me like a son in the past helping me to transact my business, sole executor of this will, and give him full power and authority to sell any and all property, personal and real that my come into his hands as such executor, and to make deeds for the same to the end that my estate may be divided and settled with as little expense as possible, without having to obtain any orders of court for that purpose. Given under my hand this 2nd day of November 1911. Wm. L. Thompson Signed and declared by the above name testator, in our presence to be his last will and we, at his request and in his presence have hereto attached our names as witnesses, on the date first above written. W. J. Luck E. J. Sutter Laura B. Johnson | Thompson, William Lafayette (I14129)
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| 10364 | William Longespée II was born circa 1212 at Wiltshire, England. He was the son of William Longespée, 3rd Earl of Salisbury and Ela of Salisbury. William married Idonia de Camville, daughter of Richard III de Camville and Eustacia Bassett, in June 1226. William came of age in 1233. He died on 7 February 1250 at Al-Mansura, On the Nile, Egypt. Slain in battle with the Saracens. | Longespée, William II (I8832)
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| 10365 | William Longespée, 3rd Earl of Salisbury was was invested with the arms of his grandfather, Geoffrey Plantagenet, namely Azure, six lions rampant or, three, two, one. He was born between 1170 and 1175 at England. He was the son of Henri II "Courtmanteau", roi d' Angleterre and Countess Ida de Tosny. William married Ela of Salisbury, daughter of William fitz Patrick, 2nd Earl of Salisbury and Eleanor de Vitré, in 1198 at Salisbury, Wiltshire, England. He was made Earl of Salisbury circa 1215. William was was present at Runnymede in support of King John at the signing of the Magna Carta in 1215. The Signing of the Magna Carta on 15 June 1215 at Runnymede, between Windsor and Staines, Surrey, England. William died on 7 March 1226 at England. | Longespée, 3rd Earl of Salisbury William (I8834)
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| 10366 | William Marshal, 1st Earl of Pembroke (1146 - 14 May 1219), also called William the Marshal (Guillaume le Maréchal), was an Anglo-Norman soldier and statesman. He has been described as the "greatest knight that ever lived" (Stephen Langton). He served four kings - Henry II, Richard the Lionheart, John and Henry III - and rose from obscurity to become a regent of England for the last of the four, and so, one of the most powerful men in Europe. Before him, the hereditary title of "Earl Marshal" designated head of household security for the king of England; by the time he died, people throughout Europe (not just England) referred to him simply as "the Marshal". Early life In 1152, when William was probably about six years old, his father John Marshal switched sides during the period of civil war in England often referred to as The Anarchy, The civil war was between King Stephen and Empress Matilda, both whom claimed the Monarchy. According to one chronicler, when King Stephen besieged Newbury Castle, Stephen used the young William as a hostage to ensure that John kept a promise to surrender the castle. John however, used the time alloted to reinforce the castle and alert Matilda's forces. When Stephen ordered John to surrender immediately or watch as he hanged William in front of the castle, John replied that he go ahead, saying "I still have the hammer and the anvil with which to forge still more and better sons!" Fortunately for the child, Stephen could not bring himself to hang young William. Knight-Errant: As a younger son of a minor nobleman, William had no lands or fortune to inherit, and had to make his own way in life. As a youth he was sent to Normandy to serve in the household of William de Tancarville, where he began his training to become a knight. Through William de Tancarville, he then served in the household of his mother's brother, Patrick, Earl of Salisbury. In 1168 William's uncle was killed in an ambush by Guy of Lusignan. William was injured and captured in the same battle, but was ransomed by Eleanor of Aquitaine, who was apparently impressed by tales of his bravery. He had been knighted in 1167 and soon found he could make a good living out of winning tournaments. At that time tournaments were dangerous, often deadly, staged battles, not the jousting contests that would come later, and money and valuable prizes could be won by capturing and ransoming opponents. His record is legendary: he supposedly fought in 500 such bouts in his life and never lost once. Royal favour: Upon his return William rejoined the court of King Henry II, and now served the father through the many rebellions of his remaining sons (Richard, Geoffrey, and John). In 1189, while covering the flight of Henry II from Le Mans to Chinon, William unhorsed the undutiful Richard in a skirmish. William could have killed the prince but killed his horse instead, to make that point clear. He is said to be the only man ever to unhorse Richard. After Henry's death, he was welcomed at court by his former adversary, now King Richard I, who was not foolish enough to exclude a man whose legend, and power, just kept growing. In August 1189, when he was 43, King Richard arranged for him to marry the second-richest heiress in England, Isabel de Clare (1172-1220), the 17-year-old daughter of Richard Strongbow. Her father had been Earl of Pembroke, and this title was granted to William, along with large estates in England, Wales, Normandy and Ireland. The marriage transformed the landless knight from a minor family into one of the richest men in the kingdom, a sign of his power and prestige at court. They had five sons and five daughters, and have numerous descendants (see below). William made numerous improvements to his wife's lands, including extensive additions to Pembroke Castle and Chepstow Castle. William was included in the council of regency which the King appointed on his departure for the Third Crusade in 1190. He took the side of Prince John when the latter expelled the justiciar, William Longchamp, from the kingdom, but he soon discovered that the interests of John were different from those of Richard. Hence in 1193 he joined with the loyalists in making war upon the prince. Richard forgave Marshal his first error of judgement, and allowed him to succeed his brother, John Marshal, in the hereditary marshalship, and on his death-bed designated him as custodian of Rouen and of the royal treasure during the interregnum. King John and Magna Carta: William supported King John when he became king in 1199, but they had a falling out when William paid homage to King Philip II of France for his Norman lands of Orbec and Longueville. William left for Leinster in 1207 and stayed in Ireland until 1212, during which time he had Carlow Castle erected[1]. In 1212 he was summoned to fight in the Welsh wars. Despite these differences, it was William on 15 June 1215 at Runnymede who dealt with the barons who made King John agree to the Magna Carta, and he was one of the few English noblemen to remain loyal to the royal side through the First Barons' War. It was William whom King John trusted on his deathbed to make sure John's nine-year-old son Henry would get the throne. On 11 November 1216, upon the death of King John, William Marshal was named by the king's council (the chief barons who had remained loyal to King John in the First Barons' War) to serve as both regent of the 9 year old King Henry III, and regent of the kingdom. In spite of his advanced age (around 70) he prosecuted the war against Prince Louis and the rebel barons with remarkable energy. In the battle of Lincoln he charged and fought at the head of the young King's army, leading them to victory. He was preparing to besiege Louis in London when the war was terminated by the naval victory of Hubert de Burgh in the straits of Dover. He was criticized for the generosity of the terms he accorded to Louis and the rebels in September 1217; but his desire for an expeditious settlement was dictated by sound statesmanship. Self-restraint and compromise were the key-notes of Marshal's policy, hoping to secure peace and stability for his young liege. Both before and after the peace of 1217 he reissued Magna Carta, in which he is a signatory as one of the witnessing barons. Without his presence England might not have survived the disastrous reign of John; where the French and the rebels would not trust the English king's word, they would trust William. Death and legacy William Marshal was interred in Temple Church, London William Marshal's health finally failed him in February 1219. In March 1219 he realized that he was dying, so he summoned his eldest son, also William, and his household knights, and left the Tower of London for his estate at Caversham in Oxfordshire, near Reading, where he called a meeting of the barons, Henry III, the papal legate, the royal justiciar (Hubert de Burgh), and Peter des Roches (Bishop of Winchester and the young King's guardian). William rejected the Bishop's claim to the regency and entrusted the regency to the care of the papal legate; he apparently did not trust the Bishop or any of the other magnates that he had gathered to this meeting. Fulfilling the vow he had made while on crusade, he was invested into the order of the Knights Templar on his deathbed. He died on 14 May 1219 at Caversham, and was buried in the Temple Church in London, where his effigy can still be seen. After his death, his eldest son, also named William, commissioned a biography of his father to be written called L'Histoire de Guillaume le Marechal. This book, written so soon after his death, has preserved (and probably enhanced) the legend of William Marshal for posterity. While his knightly achievements may be debatable, there is no doubt of his impact on the history and politics of England, from his stalwart defence of the realm to his support of the Magna Carta. Descendents of William Marshal & Isabel de Clare, 4th Countess of Pembroke: William Marshal, 2nd Earl of Pembroke (1190 - 6 April 1231), married (1) Alice de Bethune, daughter of Earl of Albemarle; (2) 23 April 1224 Eleanor Plantagenet, daughter of King John of England. They had no children. Richard Marshal, 3rd Earl of Pembroke (1191 - 16 April 1234), married Gervase le Dinant. He died in captivity. They had no children. Mahelt/Maud/Matilda Marshal (1194 - 27 March 1248), married (1) Hugh Bigod, 3rd Earl of Norfolk, they had four children; (2) William de Warenne, 6th Earl of Surrey, they had two children; (3) Walter de Dunstanville. Gilbert Marshal, 4th Earl of Pembroke (1197 - 27 June 1241), married (1) Marjorie of Scotland, youngest daughter of King William I of Scotland; by an unknown mistress he had one illegitimate daughter: Isabel Marshal, married to Rhys ap Maeldon Fychan. Walter Marshal, 5th Earl of Pembroke (c. 1199 - November 1245), married Margaret de Quincy, granddaughter of Hugh de Kevelioc, 3rd Earl of Chester. No children. Isabel Marshal (9 October 1200 - 17 January 1240), married (1) Gilbert de Clare, 5th Earl of Hertford, whose daughter Isabel de Clare married Robert Bruce, 5th Lord of Annandale, the grandfather of Robert the Bruce; (2) Richard Plantagenet, Earl of Cornwall Sibyl Marshal (c. 1201 - 27 April 1245), married William de Ferrers, 5th Earl of Derby - they had seven daughters. Agnes Ferrers (died 11 May 1290), married William de Vesci. Isabel Ferrers (died before 26 November 1260) Maud Ferrers (died 12 March 1298) Sibyl Ferrers, married Sir Francis or Franco de Bohun, an ancestor of American pioneer Daniel Boone. Joan Ferrers (died 1267) Agatha Ferrers (died May 1306), married Hugh Mortimer, of Chelmarsh. Eleanor Ferrers (died 16 October 1274), married to: Lady Eva Marshal (1203 - 1246), married William de Braose, Lord of Abergavenny - from whom was descended Queen Jane Seymour Isabella de Braose (b.1222), married Prince Dafydd ap Llywelyn. She died childless. Maud de Braose (1224-1301, in 1247, she married Roger Mortimer, 1st Baron Wigmore. Eve de Braose (1227- 28 July 1255), married William de Cantelou. Eleanor de Braose (c.1228- 1251). On an unknown date after August 1241, she married Humphrey de Bohun. Anselm Marshal, 6th Earl of Pembroke (c. 1208 - 22 December 1245), married Maud de Bohun, daughter of Humphrey de Bohun, 2nd Earl of Hereford. They had no children. Joan Marshal (1210 - 1234), married Warin de Munchensi (d. 1255), Lord of Swanscombe Joan de Munchensi (1230 - September 20, 1307) married William of Valence, the fourth son of King John's widow, Isabella of Angoulême, and her second husband, Hugh X of Lusignan, Count of La Marche. Valence was half-brother to Henry III and Edward I's uncle. The Fate of the Marshal Family: During the civil wars in Ireland, William had taken two manors that the Bishop of Ferns claimed but could not get back. Some years after William's death, that bishop is said to have laid a curse on the family that William's sons would have no children, and the great Marshal estates would be scattered. Each of William's sons did become earl of Pembroke and marshal of England, and each died without issue. William's vast holdings were then divided among the husbands of his five daughters. The title of "Marshal" went to the husband of the oldest daughter, Hugh Bigod, 3rd Earl of Norfolk, and later passed to the Mowbray dukes of Norfolk and then to the Howard dukes of Norfolk, becoming "Earl Marshal" along the way. The title of "Earl of Pembroke" passed to William of Valence, the husband of Joan Marshal's daughter, Joan de Munchensi; he became the first of the de Valence line of earls of Pembroke. William Marshal in fiction: William appears (named only as the Earl of Pembroke) in William Shakespeare's historical play King John. Four generations of the Marshal family, from Isabel de Clare's parents through William fitzWilliam's fictitious bastard son, are the subjects of a series of four historical romances by Mary Pershall. Dawn of the White Rose (©1985) is the one about William Marshal and Isabel de Clare. William Marshal also appears as a supporting character in Thomas B. Costain's out of print novel Below the Salt, and Sharon Kay Penman's novels Time and Chance and Devil's Brood, as well as a minor appearance in Penman's When Christ and His Saints Slept, illustrating the story about young William's time as King Stephan's hostage and John Marshal's defiance. William Marshal is the main character of the novel A Pride of Kings by Juliet Dymoke, published by the New English Library in 1978. William Marshal is a significant secondary character in the novel The Witch Hunter by Bernard Knight, in the author's John Crowner medieval mystery series, published in 2004. A new novel about William Marshal, The Greatest Knight by Elizabeth Chadwick, based on primary sources and the main secondary source biographies of professors Painter, Duby and Crouch was published by Time Warner Books on 3 November 2005. A sequel, The Scarlet Lion followed in 2006. As one of the prominent historical figures of the period, Marshal also appears as a minor character in several of her other novels set around the same time. In film, Marshal makes a minor appearance in 1968's The Lion in Winter, portrayed by Nigel Stock. Clive Wood portrays Marshal in the 2003 remake. Many events in William Marshal's life were incorporated into the 2001 film A Knight's Tale. Another novel about William and his wife is Champion (in German "Der Ritter der Könige) from Christian Balling of the year 1988. William Marshal is a major character in the novels The Devil is Loose and its sequel, Wolf at the Door by Graham Shelby. The books are about Richard Lionheart and King John, and are historical fictions about the events after the death of Henry II and the fall of the Angevin Empire. William Marshal also has 2 appearances in the historical romance novels "The Falcon and the Flower" and "The Dragon and the Jewel" by author Virginia Henley. He is a major character in Sharon Penman's 'Devil's Brood'. William Marshal is also a major character in Sir Ridley Scott's upcoming Robin Hood epic, in which he is played by William Hurt. William Marshal is also a key character in Christopher Morley's new play The King's Disposition. References: ^ "Carlow Castle". Carlow Town.com. Retrieved 2007-12-09. Paul Meyer, L'Histoire de Guillaume le Maréchal (Paris: Société de l'histoire de France, 1891-1901), with partial translation of the original sources into Modern French. Edition and English translation, History of William Marshal, ed. A.J. Holden and D. Crouch, trans. S. Gregory (3 vols, Anglo-Norman Text Society, Occasional Publication Series, 4-6, 2002-2007). Sidney Painter, William Marshal, Knight-Errant, Baron, and Regent of England (Baltimore: Johns Hopkins Press, 1933; reprint Toronto: University of Toronto Press, 1982). Georges Duby, William Marshal, the Flower of Chivalry (New York: Pantheon, 1985). David Crouch, William Marshal: Knighthood, War and Chivalry, 1147-1219 (2n edn, London: Longman, 2002). A healthy corrective to Duby's excessive reliance on the Histoire. John Gillingham, 'War and Chivalry in the History of William the Marshal' in Thirteenth Century England II ed. P.R. Cross and S.D. Lloyd (Woodbridge, 1988) 1-13. Larry D. Benson, 'The Tournament in the romances of Chrétien de Troyes and L'Histoire de Guillaume le Maréchal' in Studies in Medieval Culture XIV 1980 1-24. David Crouch, "Biography as Propaganda in the 'History of William Marshall", in Convaincre et persuader: Communication et propagande aux XII et XIIIe siècles. Ed. par Martin Aurell. Poitiers: Université de Poitiers-centre d'études supérieures de civilisation médiévale, 2007. | Marshal, 1st Earl of Pembroke William (I15699)
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| 10367 | WILLIAM McCLANAHAN was born in Westmoreland County, Virginia. He married *MARTHA SMITH, daughter of *PETER SMITH. Early records state "their son (Thomas and Dorothy's), William, married into a prominent Smith family, and their grandsons married well." The date of Martha and William's birth cannot be pinpointed from the estimates given by other researchers. The only dates that can be certain are the dates their wills were written and entered into probate proceedings. William and Martha's children were Thomas, *Peter, William, James, Martha and John. All were born in Westmoreland County, Virginia, probably between 1721 and 1740. | McClanahan, Reverend William (I9454)
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| 10368 | William Morris shot his wife, fired once at his mother-in-law, Mrs. Padget, and then put a bullet into his own brain on May 15th, six miles south of Keytesville. He was an accomplice of Asa Hooten in killing George Wright in Chariton co during the summer of 1881, for which crime Morris was sentenced to the penitentiary for ten years. On his return from the prison, from which he was released under 3/4 rule, he was married to a Mrs. Johnson, a divorced woman who had one child. The couple had separated and the wife refused to return to him. He knew that his wife's first husband had visited her a few days ago, and this along with her refusal to return to him, made him desperate. Both he and his wife are expected to die. (A notice in May 26, 1893 edition, Pg #3, states that Mrs. Morris was the divorced wife of Wm Thompson of Roanoke. -Armstrong Herald May 19, 1893 Geo Morris, who shot his wife and then shot himself in Chariton co some two weeks ago, died at the Keytesville jail last Saturday night. -Armstrong Herald Friday, June 9, 1893 | Morris, William (I50599)
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| 10369 | William Robinson Family Cemetery | Vanderpool, Catherine (I43167)
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| 10370 | William Robinson Family Cemetery | See, Margaret Jane (I43182)
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| 10371 | William Robinson Family Cemetery | Robinson, William (I43409)
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| 10372 | William the Elder Lipscomb Family Cemetery | Wilkins, Sarah Smith (I52422)
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| 10373 | William W. "Sonny" Dean Jr., 62, of St. Albans, departed this life on April 7, 2006, after a short illness. Sonny was a U.S. Navy veteran and a loving husband and devoted father and grandfather. He left behind his wife of 35 years, Eloise Dean; his daughters, Michelle D. Garnes and her husband, Chad, and their two children, Jacob and Madison from Scott Depot, and Teresa Riffee and her husband, Bryan, and their son, Christopher, from Ohio; two brothers, Keith Dean of Buffalo and Louis Edward Dean of Florida. He is also survived by aunts, uncles, cousins, friends and many loved ones. Funeral services will be 11 a.m. Wednesday, April 12, at Keller Funeral Home, Dunbar, with the Rev. Ray Humphrey officiating. Burial will follow in Cunningham Memorial Park. Friends may call from 6 to 8 p.m. Tuesday, April 11, at Keller Funeral Home, Dunbar. | Dean, William Wirt Jr (I46124)
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| 10374 | William was born in Manor of Maske Settlement, Gettysburg, PA. "The Manor of Maske was one of the largest manors in Pennsylvania. The residents of Marsh Creek Settlement (synonymous with Manor of Maske) were all, or virtual all Scotch-Irish. These Scots had lived in Ireland for a century or more. They were convinced that the British Goverment had mistreated them. Many were embitted and had begun coming to Pennsylania and Deleware in the second decade of the eighteenth century. They provided the largest number of pioneer settlers in what are now Cumberland and Franklin Countries, Pennsylvania. In the 1740's, there were many more Scotch-Irish in what is now Adams County, than any other ethic group. The Manor of Maske and the Marsh Creek Settlement was surveyed in January 1766. One early settler, Samuel Gettys, established a tavern in 1761. His son, James laid out a town of 210 lots surrounding the tavern. This town would become known as Gettysburg. Before 1797, many descendants of the Scotch-Irish families, which had first settled there, sold their property to German farmers and had moved away." | Edie, William David (I33663)
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| 10375 | William was born out of wedlock... He was raised by his grandparents, Samuel and Margaret Barnett and seems Samuel may of been very abusive towards William. I was told by William's son-in-law Stan Milligan that William ran away from home at an early age and never really talked about his family. People in the area state that William's father was a John Cooper who lived in Cologne, WV. I did fine a John Cooper living next door to the Barnett's in the 1880 census. One family member told me that this is the same John Cooper, but this John Cooper is only 8 years old in 1880. | Barnett, William M (I1142)
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| 10376 | Williamette National Cemetery Sec S Sie 3178 | Ashworth, Lester Clarence (I44677)
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| 10377 | Williams Cemetery | Williams, Sarah Ann (I44800)
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| 10378 | Williams Cemetery | Burton, David L (I48569)
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| 10379 | Williams Cemetery | Williams, Isabella Malvenia (I51576)
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| 10380 | Williams Cemetery | Gregory, Greenberry (I53568)
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| 10381 | Williams Cemetery | Williams, Sarah Jane (I53569)
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| 10382 | Williamsburg Memorial Park | Walls, Ray (I43746)
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| 10383 | Williamsburg Memorial Park | Carter, Janet Elaine (I43749)
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| 10384 | Williamston Memorial Park | Halbert, Ruth (I5825)
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| 10385 | Williamston Memorial Park | Acker, Amos (I51598)
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| 10386 | Williamston Memorial Park | Acker, Joseph J (I51620)
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| 10387 | Williamston Memorial Park | Sitton, Nancy Caroline (I51621)
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| 10388 | Williamston Memorial Park | Acker, Richard V (I51661)
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| 10389 | Williamston Memorial Park | Roper, Della (I51662)
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| 10390 | Willielmo Knyght, de Bradley, Worcestershire (b.1325) is the earliest known ancestor of the Knight family. A number of his descendants immigrated to America where they settled in Massachusetts, Virginia, Pennsylvania, and North Carolina. By the 1880s, some members of the Knight family had moved to Texas where they settled in Madison County. Descendants live in Texas and other parts of the United States. (in Latin) Et de viijj 1 . de Willielmo Knyght de Bradeleye pro v ta parte j feodi militis in Bradeleye quam Willielmus de Bradeleye quondam tenuit sicut continetur ibidem. | De Bradley, Willielmo Knyght (I16191)
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| 10391 | Willis Cemetery | Lewis, George Washington (I41923)
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| 10392 | Willis Cemetery | Daingerfield, Catherine (I41924)
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| 10393 | Willis Cemetery | Lewis, Mary (I41925)
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| 10394 | Willis Cemetery | Willis, Colonel Byrd C (I41926)
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| 10395 | Willis Cemetery | Willis, Ann Carter (I41929)
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| 10396 | Willis Cemetery | Willis, Joseph Avery (I55117)
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| 10397 | Willis Cemetery | Tolley, Senia Caroline (I55202)
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| 10398 | Willis Cemetery | Willis, Charlie (I55204)
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| 10399 | Willis Cemetery | Willis, Larry Dean (I55209)
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| 10400 | Willis Cemetery | Tolley, Myrtle (I55214)
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