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- Maud de Lacy, Countess of Lincoln, Countess of Hertford and Gloucester (25 January 1223- 1287/10 March 1289), was an English noblewoman, being the eldest child of John de Lacy, 1st Earl of Lincoln, and the wife of Richard de Clare, 5th Earl of Hertford, 2nd Earl of Gloucester. Her son was Gilbert de Clare, 6th Earl of Hertford, 3rd Earl of Gloucester, a powerful noble during the reigns of kings Henry III of England and Edward I.
Lady Maud de Lacy was born on 25 January 1223 in Lincoln, Lincolnshire, England, the eldest child of John de Lacy, 1st Earl of Lincoln, a Magna Carta Surety, and Margaret de Quincy, suo jure Countess of Lincoln. Maud was styled as the Countess of Lincoln, however, she never held that title suo jure.
Maud had a younger brother Edmund de Lacy, 2nd Earl of Lincoln who married in 1247 Alasia of Saluzzo, by whom he had three children.
Her paternal grandparents were Roger de Lacy and Maud de Clare. Her maternal grandparents were Robert de Quincy and Hawise of Chester, Countess of Lincoln.
Maud and her mother, Margaret, were never close; in point of fact, relations between the two women were described as strained. Throughout Maud's marriage, the only interactions between Maud and her mother were on a financial level, pertaining to the substantial Marshal family property Margaret owned and controlled due to the latter's second marriage on 6 January 1242 to Walter Marshal, 5th Earl of Pembroke (1196- 24 November 1245) almost two years after the death of Maud's father, John de Lacy in 1240.
On 25 January 1238 which was her fifteenth birthday, Lady Maud married Richard de Clare, 5th Earl of Hertford, and 2nd Earl of Gloucester, son of Gilbert de Clare, 4th Earl of Hertford, 1st Earl of Gloucester, and Isabel Marshal. Maud was his second wife; his first marriage, which was made clandestinely, to Megotta de Burgh ended through annulment or death. Even before the annulment or death of Megotta, Maud's parents paid King Henry III the enormous sum of 5,000 pounds to obtain his agreement to the marriage. The King supplied her dowry which consisted of the castle of Usk, the manor of Clere, as well as other lands and manors.
Together Richard and Maud had seven children:
Isabel de Clare (1240- 1271), married as his second wife, William VII of Montferrat, by whom she had one daughter, Margherita.
Gilbert de Clare, 6th Earl of Hertford, 3rd Earl of Gloucester (2 September 1243- 7 December 1295), married firstly Alice de Lusignan of Angouleme by whom he had two daughters; he married secondly Joan of Acre, by whom he had issue.
Thomas de Clare, Lord of Thomond (1245- 29 August 1287), married as her first husband Juliana FitzGerald, daughter of Maurice FitzGerald, 3rd Lord of Offaly and Maud de Prendergast, by whom he had issue including Richard de Clare, 1st Lord Clare and Margaret de Clare, Lady Badlesmere.
Bovo de Clare, Chancellor of Llandaff (21 July 1248- 1294)
Margaret de Clare (1250- 1312/1313), married Edmund, 2nd Earl of Cornwall. Their marriage was childless.
Rohese de Clare (17 October 1252- after 1316), married Roger de Mowbray, 1st Baron Mowbray, by whom she had issue.
Eglantine de Clare (1257-1257)
On 15 July 1262, her husband died near Canterbury. Maud designed and commissioned a magnificent tomb for him at Tewkesbury Abbey where he was buried. She also donated the manor of Sydinghowe to the priory of Legh, Devonshire for the soul of Richard, formerly her husband, earl of Gloucester and Hertford by charter dated to 1280. Their eldest son Gilbert succeeded Richard as the 6th Earl of Hertford and 3rd Earl of Gloucester. Maud carefully arranged the marriages of her daughters; however, the King owned her sons' marriage rights. She was involved in numerous lawsuits and litigations with her tenants and neighbours, as a result she was known as the most litigious woman in the 13th century. She did, however, endorse many religious houses.
Maud herself died sometime between 1287 and 10 March 1289. Her numerous descendants included Anne Boleyn and Catherine Howard, both Queens consort of Henry VIII; and the Dukes of Norfolk.
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1223 - 1289 (66 years)
