King Of England John Lackland Plantagenet

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• Reference Number: 11218

Notes:

Died:
Newark Castle

John married Isabel De Taillefer 29 Aug 1189. Isabel (daughter of Aymer De Taillefer and Aliz De Courtenay) was born Abt 1175; died 1246. [Group Sheet]

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• Reference Number: 11216

Henry married Eleanor Berenger Canterbury Cathedral, England. Eleanor (daughter of Raymond Beaufort) was born 1217; died 25 Jun 1291, Amesbury, Wiltshire, England. [Group Sheet]

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• Reference Number: 15697

Notes:

Joan, Princess of Wales and Lady of Snowdon, (c. 1191 - 2 February 1237) was the wife of Llywelyn the Great, Prince of Wales and Gwynedd and effective ruler of most of Wales.

Early life

Joan was a natural daughter of King John of England and Agatha de Ferrers. She should not be confused with her half-sister Joan, Queen Consort of Scotland.
Little is known about her early life. Her mother's name is known only from Joan's obituary in the Tewkesbury Annals, where she is called "Regina Clementina" (Queen Clemence). Joan seems to have spent part of her childhood in France, as King John had her brought to the Kingdom of England from Normandy in December 1203 in preparation for her wedding to prince Llywelyn ab Iorwerth.
[edit]Marriage

Joan married Llywelyn the Great between December 1203 and October 1204. She and Llywelyn had at least two children together:
Elen ferch Llywelyn (Helen or Ellen) (1207-1253), married (1) John the Scot, Earl of Chester and (2) Robert II de Quincy
Dafydd ap Llywelyn (c. 1215-1246) married Isabella de Braose, died at Garth Celyn, Aber Garth Celyn, (Aber).
Some of Llywelyn's other recorded children may also have been Joan's:
Gwladus Ddu (1206-1251), married (1) Reginald de Braose and (2) Ralph de Mortimer.
Susanna, who was sent to England as a hostage in 1228.
Margaret, who married Sir John de Braose, the grandson of William de Braose, 4th Lord of Bramber and had issue.
In April 1226 Joan obtained a papal decree from Pope Honorius III, declaring her legitimate on the basis that her parents had not been married to others at the time of her birth, but without giving her a claim to the English throne.
[edit]Adultery with William de Braose

At Easter 1230, William de Braose, 10th Baron Abergavenny, who was Llywelyn's prisoner at the time, was discovered with Joan in Llywelyn's bedchamber. William de Braose was hanged at Aber Garth Celyn on 2 May 1230; the place was known as 'Gwern y Grog' and the incident remembered down the generations by the local community. A recent suggestion that the execution might have taken place at Crogen near Bala rests on the suggestion that 'Crogen' and 'Crokein' are one and the same: there is however no further eveidence in the area to lend this substance.
Joan was placed under house arrest for twelve months after the incident. She was then, according to the Chronicle of Chester, forgiven by Llywelyn, and restored to favour. She may have given birth to a daughter early in 1231.
Joan was never called Princess of Wales, but, in Welsh, "Lady of Wales". She died at the royal home, Garth Celyn, Aber Garth Celyn, on the north coast of Gwynedd in 1237. Llywelyn's great grief at her death is recorded; he founded a Franciscan friary on the seashore at Llanfaes, opposite the royal home, in her honour. The friary was consecrated in 1240, shortly before Llywelyn died. It was destroyed in 1537 by Henry VIII of England during the Dissolution of the Monasteries.
Joan's stone coffin can be seen in Beaumaris parish church, Anglesey. Above the empty coffin is a slate panel inscribed: "This plain sarcophagus, (once dignified as having contained the remains of JOAN, daughter of King JOHN, and consort of LLEWELYN ap IOWERTH, Prince of North Wales, who died in the year 1237), having been conveyed from the Friary of Llanfaes, and alas, used for many years as a horsewatering trough, was rescued from such an indignity and placed here for preseravation as well as to excite serious meditation on the transitory nature of all sublunary distinctions. By THOMAS JAMES WARREN BULKELEY, Viscount BULKELEY, Oct 1808"
[edit]Fiction

Joan and her affair with William de Braose is the subject of Saunders Lewis's Welsh verse play Siwan.
Edith Pargeter's novel The Green Branch.
Sharon Kay Penman's novel Here Be Dragons.
[edit]References

[edit]Sources

Rotuli Litterarum Clausarum in Turri Londinensi I, p. 12.
Henry Luard. Annales Monastici 1, 1864
Tewkesbury Annals
Ancestral Roots of Certain American Colonists Who Came to America Before 1700 By Frederick Lewis Weis, Lines: 27-27, 29A-28, 29A-29, 176B-27, 254-28, 254-29

married Llywelyn Ap Iorwerth Abt 1204. Llywelyn (son of Iorwerth Drwyndwn) was born 1173, Dolwyddelan, Caernarvonshire, Wales; died 11 Apr 1240, Cistercian, Wales; was buried , Aberconwy, Wales. [Group Sheet]

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• Name: Long Shanks
• Reference Number: 11214

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Birth:
Westminster Palace, England

Edward married Eleanore of Castile Oct 1254. Eleanore (daughter of Ferdinand III of Castile and Joan of Dammartin) was born 1241, Spain; died 28 Nov 1290, Lincolnshire, England. [Group Sheet]

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• Reference Number: 8813

Helen — Domhnall I of Mar. Domhnall (son of William of Mar and Muriel) was born Abt 1243, Scotland; died Abt 1302, Scotland. [Group Sheet]

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• Name: Gwladus the Dark
• Reference Number: 15667

Gwladus married Ralph De Mortimer 1230. Ralph (son of Roger De Mortimer and Isabel De Ferrers) was born Bef 1198; died Bef 2 Oct 1246. [Group Sheet]

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• Reference Number: 15698

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• Reference Number: 8814

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• Reference Number: 11215

Notes:

BERKELEY CASTLE --
THIS BEAUTIFUL AND HISTORIC CASTLE, BEGUN IN 1117, STILL REMAINS THE HOME OF THE FAMOUS FAMILY WHO GAVE THEIR NAME TO NUMEROUS LOCATIONS ALL OVER THE WORLD, NOTABLY, BERKELEY SQUARE IN LONDON, BERKELEY HUNDRED IN VIRGINIA AND BERKELEY
UNIVERSITY IN CALIFORNIA. SCENE OF THE BRUTAL MURDER OF EDWARD II IN 1327 AND BESIEGED BY CROMWELL'S TROOPS IN 1645, THE CASTLE IS STEEPED IN HISTORY. MANY ROOMS ARE INTERESTING, PARTICULARLY THE GREAT HALL WHERE BARONS OF WESTCOUNTRY MET IN
1215 BEFORE GOING TO RUNNYMEDE TO FORCE KING JOHN TO PUT HIS SEAL TO THE MAGNA CASTA. TWENTY FOUR GENERATIONS OF BERKELEYS HAVE TRANSFORMED A NORMAN FORTRESS INTO THE LOVELY HOME IT IS TODAY. GUILLAUME FITZOSBERN, A COMMANDER IN THE NORMAN
ARMY THAT LANDED AT HASTINGS IN 1066, WAS CREATED EARL OF HEREFORD AND CHARGED WITH THE TASK OF GUARDING THE WESTERN DEFENCES OF THE CONQUEROR'S NEW KINGDOM. PART OF HIS DOMAIN WAS THE SAXON MANOR OF BERKELEY AND HE RECOGNISED THE MILITARY
VALUE OF THE SITE WITH ITS COMMANDING VIEWS OVER THE RIVER SEVERN AND WELSH BORDERS.
KING EDWARD II WAS COMMITTED THERE IN 1326 FOLLOWING THE STRUGGLE FOR POWER IN ENGLAND. HE WAS HELD IN A DUNGEON DEEP WITHIN THE CASTLE UNTIL BRUTALLY MURDERED BY SIR JOHN MALTRAVERS AND SIR THOMAS GURNEY. IT SEEMS LIKELY THAT LORD BERKELEY
PLAYED NO PART IN THE KING'S DEATH AS HE WAS NOT IN RESIDENCE AT THE TIME.

Died:
Berkeley Castle

Edward married Isabella De France Boulogne Cathedral. Isabella (daughter of Philippe of France) was born 1292; died 1358. [Group Sheet]

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• Reference Number: 5

Joan married Gilbert De Clare 30 Apr 1290. Gilbert (son of Richard De Clare and Maud De Lacy) was born 2 Sep 1243, Christchurch, Hampshire, England; died 7 Dec 1295, Monmouth, Monmouthshire, Wales; was buried , Gloucestershire, England. [Group Sheet]

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• Reference Number: 146
• Death: 12 Dec 1296

Notes:

Isabella of Mar (modern Scottish Gaelic: Iseabail) (c. 1277 - 12 December 1296) was the first wife of Robert the Bruce and the grandmother of Robert II of Scotland, founder of the royal House of Stuart. She died before Robert was crowned King of Scots, and never became Queen.

She was the daughter of Domhnall I, Earl of Mar and Helen (or Ellen) of Wales (1246-1295), the illegitimate daughter of Llywelyn ab Iorwerth ("the Great") Prince of Wales; she had previously been the wife of Maol Choluim II, Earl of Fife. Her father was one of the seven guardians of Scotland who believed Robert Bruce to be the rightful King of Scotland. Despite the considerable risks, the Earl of Mar could foresee the advantage of the two families joining in marriage and bearing an heir to the throne, and the marriage of Isabella and Robert was arranged. Mar was the first to sign over the estates of his family to the Bruce.

Isabella was married to Robert at the age of 18 and legend has it that they were much in love. Shortly after their marriage Isabella became pregnant. She had a healthy pregnancy but she died soon after giving birth to a daughter, Marjorie Bruce in 1296. She is buried at Paisley Abbey, Renfrewshire.

Robert married his second wife, Elizabeth de Burgh, six years later. Isabella's daughter Princess Marjorie (died 1316) married Walter Stewart, 6th High Steward of Scotland, and their son became Robert II of Scotland. From him descend the monarchs of the House of Stewart and the later royal families of the United Kingdom.

Isabella — Robert Bruce, I. Robert (son of Robert De Brus, VI and Margaret of Carrick) was born 11 Jul 1274, Kirkoswald, Ayrshire, Scotland; died 7 Jun 1329, Cardross, Dunbartonshire, Scotland; was buried , Dunfermline, Fife, Scotland. [Group Sheet]

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• Reference Number: 23

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• Reference Number: 86

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• Name: Gartnait mac Domhnaill
• Reference Number: 130

Notes:

Gartnait of Mar - Gartnait mac Domhnaill (Gartnait, Donald's son) - was the eighth known Mormaer of Mar, ruling from somewhere around 1301, perhaps as early as 1297, until his death in 1305. He was a son of Domhnall I of Mar, brother of Isabella of Mar and brother-in-law of Robert I of Scotland.

We last hear of his father alive in 1297, and we hear of his son Gartnait as Mormaer perhaps in 1302, and definitely by 1305. Gartnait himself is known to have collaborated with Edward in some form during the crackdown of 1297, but this does not necessarily mean any break with his father or with Robert I, whom his fathered supported.

In 1302, a document containing terms of reconciliation between Edward I of England and Robert stipulates that Robert should act as warden of Gartnait,1 implying that Gartnait's father Domhnall had just died. However, he was married to Robert's sister Christina Bruce, perhaps in 1295.

Garnait — Christina Bruce. Christina (daughter of Robert De Brus, VI and Margaret of Carrick) was born Abt 1273, Seton, East Lothian, Scotland; died Abt 1356. [Group Sheet]

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• Reference Number: 180

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• Reference Number: 15660

Notes:

Roger Mortimer (1231 - 30 October 1282), 1st Baron Mortimer, was a famous and honoured knight from Wigmore Castle in Herefordshire. He was a loyal ally of King Henry III of England. He was at times an enemy, at times an ally, of the Welsh prince, Llywelyn the Last.

Early career

Born in 1231, Roger was the son of Ralph de Mortimer and his Welsh wife, Princess Gwladys Ddu, daughter of Llywelyn ab Iorwerth.
In 1256 Roger went to war with Llywelyn ap Gruffydd when the latter invaded his lordship of Gwrtheyrnion or Rhayader. This war would continue intermittently until the death of both Roger and Llywelyn in 1282. They were both grandsons of Llywelyn ab Iorwerth.
Mortimer fought for the King against the rebel Simon de Montfort, 6th Earl of Leicester, and almost lost his life in 1264 at the Battle of Lewes fighting Montfort's men. In 1265 Mortimer's wife, Maud de Braose helped rescue Prince Edward; and Mortimer and the Prince made an alliance against de Montfort.
[edit]Victor at Evesham

In August 1265, de Montfort's army was surrounded by the River Avon on three sides, and Prince Edward's army on the fourth. Mortimer had sent his men to block the only possible escape route, at the Bengeworth bridge. The Battle of Evesham began in earnest. A storm roared above the battle field. Montfort's Welsh soldiers broke and ran for the bridge, where they were slaughtered by Mortimer's men. Mortimer himself killed Simon de Montfort, 6th Earl of Leicester in crushing Montfort's army. Mortimer was awarded Montfort's severed head and other parts of his anatomy, which he sent home to Wigmore Castle as a gift for his wife, Lady Mortimer.
[edit]Marriage and children

Lady Mortimer was Maud de Braose, daughter of William de Braose, Lord of Abergavenny by Eva Marshal. Roger Mortimer had married her in 1247. She was, like him, a scion of a Welsh Marches family. Their children were:
Ralph Mortimer, died 1276.
Edmund Mortimer, 2nd Baron Mortimer (1251-1304), married Margaret de Fiennes, the daughter of William II de Fiennes and Blanche de Brienne. Had issue, including Roger Mortimer, 1st Earl of March
Isabella Mortimer, died 1292. She married (1) John Fitzalan, 7th Earl of Arundel, (2) Robert de Hastings
Margaret Mortimer, died 1297. She married Robert de Vere, 6th Earl of Oxford
Roger Mortimer of Chirk, died 1326.
Geoffrey Mortimer, a knight
William Mortimer, a knight
Their eldest son, Ralph, was a famed knight but died in his youth. The second son, Edmund, was recalled from Oxford University and appointed his father's heir.
[edit]Epitaph

Roger Mortimer died on 30 October 1282, and was buried at Wigmore Abbey, where his tombstone read:
Here lies buried, glittering with praise, Roger the pure, Roger Mortimer the second, called Lord of Wigmore by those who held him dear. While he lived all Wales feared his power, and given as a gift to him all Wales remained his. It knew his campaigns, he subjected it to torment.
[edit]Sources

Mortimer, Ian. The Greatest Traitor, 2003.
Remfry, P.M., Wigmore Castle Tourist Guide and the Family of Mortimer (ISBN 1-899376-76-3)
Remfry, P.M., Brampton Bryan Castle, 1066 to 1646 (ISBN 1-899376-33-X)
Dugdale, Sir William The Baronage of England, Vol. 1, 1661.

Roger married Maud De Braose 1247. Maud (daughter of William De Braose and Eva Marshal) was born 1224; died 1301. [Group Sheet]

Other Events:

• Reference Number: 15678

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• Reference Number: 15679

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• Reference Number: 15680